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Femtosecond Population Inversion and Stimulated Emission of Dense Dirac Fermions in Graphene

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arxiv 1112.2204 v2 pith:AA2DZSWH submitted 2011-12-09 cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci

classification cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sci
keywords grapheneabsorptiondensediracemissiongainopticalpopulation
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We show that strongly photoexcited graphene monolayers with 35fs pulses quasi-instantaneously build up a broadband, inverted Dirac fermion population. Optical gain emerges and directly manifests itself via a negative optical conductivity for the first 200fs, where stimulated emission completely compensates absorption loss in the graphene layer. Our experiment-theory comparison with two distinct electron and hole chemical potentials reproduce absorption saturation and gain at 40fs, revealing, particularly, the evolution of the transient state from a hot classical gas to a dense quantum fluid with increasing the photoexcitation.

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