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Tunneling between single and multi-centered black hole configurations

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Hyeyoun Chung

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Submitted 14 Jan 2012

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We evaluate the Euclidean action for this instanton and find that the amplitude for the tunneling process is equal to half the difference in entropy between the initial and final configurations.

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arXiv ID1201.3028 (version 4)
Pith IDJLHUKO77, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationHyeyoun Chung. "Tunneling between single and multi-centered black hole configurations." arXiv:1201.3028 (2012). https://pith.science/paper/JLHUKO77
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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 2,960 input tokens, $0.0001 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.06 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.04 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.87 · compares with prior results 0.05 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v4. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

We find a gravitational instanton that connects an initial state corresponding to a single-centered extremal Reissner-Nordstrom (ERN) black hole configuration, to a final state corresponding to a multi-centered configuration. This instanton is interpreted as describing quantum tunneling between the two different black hole solutions. We evaluate the Euclidean action for this instanton and find that the amplitude for the tunneling process is equal to half the difference in entropy between the initial and final configurations.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 We find a gravitational instanton that connects an initial state corresponding to a single-centered extremal Reissner-Nordstrom (ERN) black hole configuration, to a final state corresponding to a multi-centered configuration. result 0.76 0.96 0.52 asserted 1.00
s1 This instanton is interpreted as describing quantum tunneling between the two different black hole solutions. interpretation 1.00 0.70 0.31 asserted 0.95
s2 We evaluate the Euclidean action for this instanton and find that the amplitude for the tunneling process is equal to half the difference in entropy between the initial and final configurations. result 1.00 0.96 0.47 asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.99.

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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

We find a gravitational instanton that connects an initial state corresponding to a single-centered extremal Reissner-Nordstrom (ERN) black hole configuration, to a final state corresponding to a multi-centered configuration. This instanton is interpreted as describing quantum tunneling between the two different black hole solutions. We evaluate the Euclidean action for this instanton and find that the amplitude for the tunneling process is equal to half the difference in entropy between the initial and final configurations.

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1 arXiv paper cite this in 1 sentence

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

What it cites · 4 sentences without a confident label

Uses the method or tool of 2 papers
  • In order to find the gravitational instanton, we first analytically continue the time coordinate to $w = -it$ to obtain a solution to the Euclidean equations of motion: [equation] We then define the coordinate [ref] : [equation] Finally, we can define the coodinates $τ$ and $σ$ (where in the end, we will take $τ$ to be our Euclidean time coordinate): [equation] The relation between the coordinates $(w,y)$ and $(τ,σ)$ are shown in Figure [ref], where the semicircles represent the hypersurfaces of constant $τ$, and $σ$ is the angular coordinate.

    Anti-de Sitter Fragmentation · The Gravitational Instanton · 0.92

  • We can glue this to a spatial slice of Euclidean Poincare $AdS_2×S_2$ with charge $Q_∞$ [ref] , which is the initial spacetime we want, by applying the coordinate transformation: [equation] The metric on $Σ_i$ in these coordinates is: [equation] The coordinate $Y$ covers the range $ϵe^τ_0 < Y < e^τ_0$.

    Schwinger pair production in AdS2 · The Gravitational Instanton · 0.82

Compares with 1 paper
Cites as background 2 papers
  • Gravitational instantons have been found that describe the pair production of Wheeler wormholes [ref] , and the fragmentation of a single charged $AdS_2 ×S_2$ universe into multiple, completely disconnected $AdS_2×S_2$ universes [ref] .

    Splitting of an Extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om Throat via Quantum Tunneling · Introduction · 0.95

  • Gravitational instantons have been found that describe the pair production of Wheeler wormholes [ref] , and the fragmentation of a single charged $AdS_2 ×S_2$ universe into multiple, completely disconnected $AdS_2×S_2$ universes [ref] .

    Anti-de Sitter Fragmentation · Introduction · 0.95

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