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Radiative Models of Sagittarius A* and M87 from Relativistic MHD Simulations
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Submitted 2 Feb 2012
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim For both sources, the black hole shadow may be detected with future observations including ALMA and/or the LMT, which would constitute the first direct evidence for a black hole event horizon.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
Ongoing millimeter VLBI observations with the Event Horizon Telescope allow unprecedented study of the innermost portion of black hole accretion flows. Interpreting the observations requires relativistic, time-dependent physical modeling. We discuss the comparison of radiative transfer calculations from general relativistic MHD simulations of Sagittarius A* and M87 with current and future mm-VLBI observations. This comparison allows estimates of the viewing geometry and physical conditions of the Sgr A* accretion flow. The viewing geometry for M87 is already constrained from observations of its large-scale jet, but, unlike Sgr A*, there is no consensus for its millimeter emission geometry or electron population. Despite this uncertainty, as long as the emission region is compact, robust predictions for the size of its jet launching region can be made. For both sources, the black hole shadow may be detected with future observations including ALMA and/or the LMT, which would constitute the first direct evidence for a black hole event horizon.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Ongoing millimeter VLBI observations with the Event Horizon Telescope allow unprecedented study of the innermost portion of black hole accretion flows. | background 1.00 | 0.08 | 0.02 | asserted 0.97 |
| s1 | Interpreting the observations requires relativistic, time-dependent physical modeling. | background 0.93 | 0.06 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | We discuss the comparison of radiative transfer calculations from general relativistic MHD simulations of Sagittarius A* and M87 with current and future mm-VLBI observations. | contribution 0.98 | 0.78 | 0.12 | asserted 0.76 |
| s3 | This comparison allows estimates of the viewing geometry and physical conditions of the Sgr A* accretion flow. | interpretation 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.20 | asserted 0.61 |
| s4 | The viewing geometry for M87 is already constrained from observations of its large-scale jet, but, unlike Sgr A*, there is no consensus for its millimeter emission geometry or electron population. | gap 0.81 | 0.07 | 0.05 | asserted 0.99 |
| s5 | Despite this uncertainty, as long as the emission region is compact, robust predictions for the size of its jet launching region can be made. | interpretation 0.57 | 0.40 | 0.17 | asserted 0.84 |
| s6 | For both sources, the black hole shadow may be detected with future observations including ALMA and/or the LMT, which would constitute the first direct evidence for a black hole event horizon. | interpretation 0.49 | 0.08 | 0.29 | hedged possibility 1.00 |
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The paper
Original abstract
Ongoing millimeter VLBI observations with the Event Horizon Telescope allow unprecedented study of the innermost portion of black hole accretion flows. Interpreting the observations requires relativistic, time-dependent physical modeling. We discuss the comparison of radiative transfer calculations from general relativistic MHD simulations of Sagittarius A* and M87 with current and future mm-VLBI observations. This comparison allows estimates of the viewing geometry and physical conditions of the Sgr A* accretion flow. The viewing geometry for M87 is already constrained from observations of its large-scale jet, but, unlike Sgr A*, there is no consensus for its millimeter emission geometry or electron population. Despite this uncertainty, as long as the emission region is compact, robust predictions for the size of its jet launching region can be made. For both sources, the black hole shadow may be detected with future observations including ALMA and/or the LMT, which would constitute the first direct evidence for a black hole event horizon.
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How the literature uses it
1 arXiv paper cite this in 1 sentence
Papers citing it
Cites it as background 1 paper
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The visual appearance of an accretion disk was studied with the help of various ray-tracing programs by several authors [ref] .
Distorted Local Shadows · Introduction · 0.86
What it cites · 13 sentences without a confident label
Uses the method or tool of 7 papers
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The simulations are from two codes: [ref] and a 3D extension of HARM [ref] .
Cosmos++: Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics on Unstructured Grids with Local Adaptive Refinement · GRMHD Simulations · 0.94
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The simulations are from two codes: [ref] and a 3D extension of HARM [ref] .
HARM: A Numerical Scheme for General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics · GRMHD Simulations · 0.94
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The simulations are from two codes: [ref] and a 3D extension of HARM [ref] .
Primitive Variable Solvers for Conservative General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics · GRMHD Simulations · 0.94
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