Did the universe have a beginning?
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We discuss three candidate scenarios which seem to allow the possibility that the universe could have existed forever with no initial singularity: eternal infation, cyclic evolution, and the emergent universe. The first two of these scenarios are geodesically incomplete to the past, and thus cannot describe a universe without a beginning. The third, although it is stable with respect to classical perturbations, can collapse quantum mechanically, and therefore cannot have an eternal past.
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Cited by 1 Pith paper
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Classical and Semiclassical Stability of Emergent Universes in Jordan-Brans-Dicke Theory
In Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory, the Einstein static universe can be made robust against classical perturbations and representative semiclassical tunneling channels by appropriate choices of the JBD potential and model p...
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