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Three dimensional interstellar extinction map towards the Galactic Bulge
Astrophysics of Galaxies · Submitted 13 Nov 2012
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim The observed colors are shifted to match the intrinsic colors in the Besan\c{c}on model, as a function of distance, iteratively thereby creating an extinction map with three dimensions: two spatial and one distance dimension along each line of sight towards the bulge.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
Studies of the properties of the inner Galactic Bulge depend strongly on the assumptions about the interstellar extinction. Most of the extinction maps available in the literature lack the information about the distance. We combine the observations with the Besancon model of the Galaxy to investigate the variations of extinction along different lines of sight towards the inner Galactic bulge as a function of distance. In addition we study the variations in the extinction law in the Bulge. We construct color-magnitude diagrams with the following sets of colors: H-Ks and J-Ks from the VVV catalogue as well as Ks-[3.6], Ks-[4.5], Ks-[5.8] and Ks-[8.0] from GLIMPSE-II catalogue matched with 2MASS. Using the newly derived temperature-color relation for M giants that match better the observed color-magnitude diagrams we then use the distance-color relations to derive the extinction as a function of distance. The observed colors are shifted to match the intrinsic colors in the Besan\c{c}on model, as a function of distance, iteratively thereby creating an extinction map with three dimensions: two spatial and one distance dimension along each line of sight towards the bulge. Colour excess maps are presented at a resolution of 15' x 15' for 6 different combinations of colors, in distance bins of 1 kpc. The high resolution and depth of the photometry allows to derive extinction maps to 10 kpc distance and up to 35 magnitudes of extinction in Av (3.5 mag in Aks). Integrated maps show the same dust features and consistent values with the other 2D maps. Starting from the color excess between the observations and the model we investigate the extinction law in near-infrared and its variation along different lines of sight.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Studies of the properties of the inner Galactic Bulge depend strongly on the assumptions about the interstellar extinction. | background 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | Most of the extinction maps available in the literature lack the information about the distance. | gap 0.95 | 0.04 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | We combine the observations with the Besancon model of the Galaxy to investigate the variations of extinction along different lines of sight towards the inner Galactic bulge as a function of distance. | contribution 0.71 | 0.92 | 0.06 | asserted 0.85 |
| s3 | In addition we study the variations in the extinction law in the Bulge. | contribution 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.03 | asserted 0.75 |
| s4 | We construct color-magnitude diagrams with the following sets of colors: H-Ks and J-Ks from the VVV catalogue as well as Ks-[3.6], Ks-[4.5], Ks-[5.8] and Ks-[8.0] from GLIMPSE-II catalogue matched with 2MASS. | method 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.02 | asserted 0.97 |
| s5 | Using the newly derived temperature-color relation for M giants that match better the observed color-magnitude diagrams we then use the distance-color relations to derive the extinction as a function of distance. | method 0.99 | 0.94 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| s6 | The observed colors are shifted to match the intrinsic colors in the Besan\c{c}on model, as a function of distance, iteratively thereby creating an extinction map with three dimensions: two spatial and one distance dimension along each line of sight towards the bulge. | method 0.96 | 0.96 | 0.19 | asserted 1.00 |
| s7 | Colour excess maps are presented at a resolution of 15' x 15' for 6 different combinations of colors, in distance bins of 1 kpc. | result 0.61 | 0.94 | 0.09 | asserted 1.00 |
| s8 | The high resolution and depth of the photometry allows to derive extinction maps to 10 kpc distance and up to 35 magnitudes of extinction in Av (3.5 mag in Aks). | result 0.97 | 0.94 | 0.19 | asserted 0.99 |
| s9 | Integrated maps show the same dust features and consistent values with the other 2D maps. | result 0.97 | 0.87 | 0.13 | asserted 0.99 |
| s10 | Starting from the color excess between the observations and the model we investigate the extinction law in near-infrared and its variation along different lines of sight. | method 0.61 | 0.93 | 0.08 | asserted 0.79 |
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The paper
Original abstract
Studies of the properties of the inner Galactic Bulge depend strongly on the assumptions about the interstellar extinction. Most of the extinction maps available in the literature lack the information about the distance. We combine the observations with the Besancon model of the Galaxy to investigate the variations of extinction along different lines of sight towards the inner Galactic bulge as a function of distance. In addition we study the variations in the extinction law in the Bulge. We construct color-magnitude diagrams with the following sets of colors: H-Ks and J-Ks from the VVV catalogue as well as Ks-[3.6], Ks-[4.5], Ks-[5.8] and Ks-[8.0] from GLIMPSE-II catalogue matched with 2MASS. Using the newly derived temperature-color relation for M giants that match better the observed color-magnitude diagrams we then use the distance-color relations to derive the extinction as a function of distance. The observed colors are shifted to match the intrinsic colors in the Besan\c{c}on model, as a function of distance, iteratively thereby creating an extinction map with three dimensions: two spatial and one distance dimension along each line of sight towards the bulge. Colour excess maps are presented at a resolution of 15' x 15' for 6 different combinations of colors, in distance bins of 1 kpc. The high resolution and depth of the photometry allows to derive extinction maps to 10 kpc distance and up to 35 magnitudes of extinction in Av (3.5 mag in Aks). Integrated maps show the same dust features and consistent values with the other 2D maps. Starting from the color excess between the observations and the model we investigate the extinction law in near-infrared and its variation along different lines of sight.
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References
How the literature uses it
3 arXiv papers cite this in 3 sentences
Papers citing it · 1 sentence without a confident label
Cites it as support 1 paper
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In addition, red giants are brighter than lower main-sequence stars and, unlike asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, are less affected by circumstellar dust, leading to more uniform intrinsic colors (e.g., [ref] ).
Extinction Distributions in Nearby Star-resolved Galaxies. II. M33 · Data and Sample · 0.97
Cites it as background 1 paper
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Before the release of high-precision trigonometric parallax data from the Gaia mission, studies of the 3D dust distribution in the Milky Way relied mainly on two approaches: one was to infer the dust spatial distribution by comparison with Galactic models [ref] , and the other was to estimate the variation of extinction with distance using photometric distances of stars [ref] .
A Face-on View of Interstellar Dust in the Galactic Plane · Introduction · 0.96
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