How to test for mass degenerate Higgs resonances

Jure Zupan; Yuval Grossman; Ze'ev Surujon

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How to test for mass degenerate Higgs resonances

Yuval Grossman, Ze'ev Surujon, Jure Zupan

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 2 Jan 2013

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We show that the number of resonances is related to the rank of a "production and decay" matrix, $R_{if}$.

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The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 5,463 input tokens, $0.0002 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.41 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.03 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.40 · compares with prior results 0.09 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

The Higgs-like signal observed at the LHC could be due to several mass degenerate resonances. We show that the number of resonances is related to the rank of a "production and decay" matrix, $R_{if}$. Each entry in this matrix contains the observed rate in a particular production mode $i$ and final state $f$. In the case of $N$ non-interfering resonances, the rank of $R$ is, at most, $N$. If interference plays a role, the maximum rank is $N^2$ or in the CP limit $N(N+1)/2$. As an illustration we use the present experimental data to constrain the rank of the corresponding matrix. We estimate the LHC reach of probing two and three resonances under various speculations on future measurements and uncertainties.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	The Higgs-like signal observed at the LHC could be due to several mass degenerate resonances.	background 1.00	0.07	0.05	hedged possibility 1.00
s1	We show that the number of resonances is related to the rank of a "production and decay" matrix, $R_{if}$.	contribution 0.78	0.92	0.60	asserted 1.00
s2	Each entry in this matrix contains the observed rate in a particular production mode $i$ and final state $f$.	method 0.90	0.19	0.03	asserted 1.00
s3	In the case of $N$ non-interfering resonances, the rank of $R$ is, at most, $N$.	result 0.79	0.52	0.22	asserted 0.96
s4	If interference plays a role, the maximum rank is $N^2$ or in the CP limit $N(N+1)/2$.	result 0.84	0.61	0.14	asserted 0.97
s5	As an illustration we use the present experimental data to constrain the rank of the corresponding matrix.	method 0.53	0.92	0.06	asserted 0.98
s6	We estimate the LHC reach of probing two and three resonances under various speculations on future measurements and uncertainties.	contribution 0.58	0.89	0.12	asserted 0.69

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: method or tool 0.77 · evidence from analysis of existing data 0.76.

What was examined, and what was not

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arXiv listing abstract v2

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full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

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P abstract

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S sections
T body sentences
C citations
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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

The Higgs-like signal observed at the LHC could be due to several mass degenerate resonances. We show that the number of resonances is related to the rank of a "production and decay" matrix, $R_{if}$. Each entry in this matrix contains the observed rate in a particular production mode $i$ and final state $f$. In the case of $N$ non-interfering resonances, the rank of $R$ is, at most, $N$. If interference plays a role, the maximum rank is $N^2$ or in the CP limit $N(N+1)/2$. As an illustration we use the present experimental data to constrain the rank of the corresponding matrix. We estimate the LHC reach of probing two and three resonances under various speculations on future measurements and uncertainties.

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References

Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Measurements of the Higgs boson production and decay rates and constraints on its couplings from a combined ATLAS and CMS analysis of the LHC $pp$ collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 7 and 8 TeV
hep-ex 2016-06 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

Combining ATLAS and CMS Run 1 data, Higgs production and decay rates match Standard Model predictions to about 10%, with vector boson fusion and H to tau tau each observed above 5 sigma.
What is the gamma gamma resonance at 750 GeV?
hep-ph 2015-12 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

If the 750 GeV diphoton excess is a real resonance, it needs percent-level couplings to gluons and photons, and if its apparent 45 GeV width is genuine it points to a strongly interacting sector.
Precise determination of the mass of the Higgs boson and tests of compatibility of its couplings with the standard model predictions using proton collisions at 7 and 8 TeV
hep-ex 2014-12 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

Combining seven decay channels and four production modes, CMS measures the Higgs boson mass as 125.02 GeV and finds all signal strengths and coupling scale factors consistent with standard model predictions.
Discovery Prospects for NMSSM Higgs Bosons at the High-Energy Large Hadron Collider
hep-ph 2014-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

In the NMSSM, a light singlet-like Higgs below 125 GeV plus heavy doublet Higgs bosons around 300 to 600 GeV should mostly be reachable at the 13 TeV LHC, either directly or through Higgs-to-Higgs cascade decays that ...
LHC constraints on two-Higgs doublet models
hep-ph 2013-02 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A global fit of the 2012 LHC Higgs signal strengths to the Aligned Two-Higgs Doublet Model finds the data prefer SM-like couplings, with a charged-Higgs loop as the cleanest way to explain the diphoton excess.

How the literature uses it

8 arXiv papers cite this in 15 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 9 sentences without a confident label

Uses its method or tool 1 paper

To exclude or verify a mass degeneracy the method of ref [ref] could be applied.

Trinification Phenomenology and the structure of Higgs Bosons · Potentials with logarithmic terms. · 1.00

Uses its data or values 1 paper

For ease of comparison, and even if more recent data are available [ref] , the following numerical examples are carried out using the same signal strength matrix presented in Ref. [ref] , namely: [equation]

Searching for degenerate Higgs bosons - A profile likelihood ratio method to test for mass-degenerate states in the presence of incomplete data and uncertainties · Numerical examples · 0.98

Compares with it 1 paper

The expected test statistic distribution can be seen in Fig. [ref] and the p-value is found to be: [equation] which would correspond to a $4.15 ±0.04 σ$ significance for rank larger than unity, to be compared with $3.9σ$ estimated in Ref. [ref] .

Searching for degenerate Higgs bosons - A profile likelihood ratio method to test for mass-degenerate states in the presence of incomplete data and uncertainties · Luminosity extrapolation · 1.00

Cites it as background 2 papers

This topic was discussed in [ref] in the context of the NMSSM, in [ref] in the context of a 2HDM, and most recently in [ref] where general conditions for detection of such resonances were derived (see also [ref] ).

A tale of two Higgs · Introduction · 1.00
Several authors discussed this possibility, proposing methods to look for deviations assuming that, in the presence of more than one state, the individual states would couple differently to the SM particles [ref] .

Precise determination of the mass of the Higgs boson and tests of compatibility of its couplings with the standard model predictions using proton collisions at 7 and 8 TeV · Search for mass-degenerate states with different coupling structures · 0.81

What it cites · 12 sentences without a confident label

Cites as background 1 paper

Such effects were studied, for example, in the case of $gg →H →γγ$ [ref] .

Shift in the LHC Higgs diphoton mass peak from interference with background · General discussion · 0.93

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