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Decay $t-> c\gamma$ in models with SU_L(3)XU_X(1) gauge symmetry
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 12 May 2013
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim For the numerical analysis we focus on the minimal 331 model: the current bounds on the model parameters are examined and a particular scenario is discussed in which the corresponding branching ratio could be of the order of 10^{-6}, with the dominant contributions arising from the charged gauge bosons and a relatively light neutral scalar boson with flavor-changing couplings, whereas the Z' contribution would be of the order of 10^{-9} for m_{Z'}>2 TeV.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
The one-loop level mediated $t-> c \gamma$ decay is analyzed in the framework of 331 models, which induce three-level flavor-changing neutral currents mediated by an extra neutral gauge boson, Z', and a neutral scalar boson, \phi. These models also predict new charged gauge and scalar bosons, together with three new quarks, which can be exotic (with electric charges of -4/3e and 5/3e) or standard model like. Apart from the contribution of the W boson, the $t\to c\gamma$ decay receives contributions induced by the extra gauge boson and the neutral scalar boson, which are generic for 331 models. In the so-called minimal 331 model, there are additional contributions from the new charged gauge and scalar bosons accompanied by the exotic quarks. We present analytical results for the most general $t-> c\gamma$ amplitude in terms of transcendental functions. For the numerical analysis we focus on the minimal 331 model: the current bounds on the model parameters are examined and a particular scenario is discussed in which the corresponding branching ratio could be of the order of 10^{-6}, with the dominant contributions arising from the charged gauge bosons and a relatively light neutral scalar boson with flavor-changing couplings, whereas the Z' contribution would be of the order of 10^{-9} for m_{Z'}>2 TeV. However, a further suppression could be expected due to a potential suppression of the values of the flavor-changing coupling constants. Under the same assumptions, in 331 models without exotic quarks, the $t-> c\gamma$ branching ratio would receive the dominant contribution from the neutral scalar boson, which could be of the order of 10^{-7} for a Higgs mass of a few hundreds of GeVs.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | The one-loop level mediated $t-> c \gamma$ decay is analyzed in the framework of 331 models, which induce three-level flavor-changing neutral currents mediated by an extra neutral gauge boson, Z', and a neutral scalar boson, \phi. | contribution 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.06 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | These models also predict new charged gauge and scalar bosons, together with three new quarks, which can be exotic (with electric charges of -4/3e and 5/3e) or standard model like. | background 0.96 | 0.12 | 0.03 | asserted 0.94 |
| s2 | Apart from the contribution of the W boson, the $t\to c\gamma$ decay receives contributions induced by the extra gauge boson and the neutral scalar boson, which are generic for 331 models. | background 0.58 | 0.32 | 0.09 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | In the so-called minimal 331 model, there are additional contributions from the new charged gauge and scalar bosons accompanied by the exotic quarks. | background 0.71 | 0.21 | 0.05 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | We present analytical results for the most general $t-> c\gamma$ amplitude in terms of transcendental functions. | contribution 0.80 | 0.94 | 0.06 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | For the numerical analysis we focus on the minimal 331 model: the current bounds on the model parameters are examined and a particular scenario is discussed in which the corresponding branching ratio could be of the order of 10^{-6}, with the dominant contributions arising from the charged gauge bosons and a relatively light neutral scalar boson with flavor-changing couplings, whereas the Z' contribution would be of the order of 10^{-9} for m_{Z'}>2 TeV. | result 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.60 | hedged possibility 0.98 |
| s6 | However, a further suppression could be expected due to a potential suppression of the values of the flavor-changing coupling constants. | interpretation 0.52 | 0.19 | 0.05 | hedged possibility 0.97 |
| s7 | Under the same assumptions, in 331 models without exotic quarks, the $t-> c\gamma$ branching ratio would receive the dominant contribution from the neutral scalar boson, which could be of the order of 10^{-7} for a Higgs mass of a few hundreds of GeVs. | result 0.99 | 0.80 | 0.14 | hedged possibility 0.95 |
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The paper
Original abstract
The one-loop level mediated $t-> c \gamma$ decay is analyzed in the framework of 331 models, which induce three-level flavor-changing neutral currents mediated by an extra neutral gauge boson, Z', and a neutral scalar boson, \phi. These models also predict new charged gauge and scalar bosons, together with three new quarks, which can be exotic (with electric charges of -4/3e and 5/3e) or standard model like. Apart from the contribution of the W boson, the $t\to c\gamma$ decay receives contributions induced by the extra gauge boson and the neutral scalar boson, which are generic for 331 models. In the so-called minimal 331 model, there are additional contributions from the new charged gauge and scalar bosons accompanied by the exotic quarks. We present analytical results for the most general $t-> c\gamma$ amplitude in terms of transcendental functions. For the numerical analysis we focus on the minimal 331 model: the current bounds on the model parameters are examined and a particular scenario is discussed in which the corresponding branching ratio could be of the order of 10^{-6}, with the dominant contributions arising from the charged gauge bosons and a relatively light neutral scalar boson with flavor-changing couplings, whereas the Z' contribution would be of the order of 10^{-9} for m_{Z'}>2 TeV. However, a further suppression could be expected due to a potential suppression of the values of the flavor-changing coupling constants. Under the same assumptions, in 331 models without exotic quarks, the $t-> c\gamma$ branching ratio would receive the dominant contribution from the neutral scalar boson, which could be of the order of 10^{-7} for a Higgs mass of a few hundreds of GeVs.
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How the literature uses it
2 arXiv papers cite this in 2 sentences
Papers citing it · 1 sentence without a confident label
Cites it as background 1 paper
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While the two-body decays $t→c V$ and $t→cH$ have been largely studied in the context of the SM and several of its extensions [ref] , less attention has been paid to the three-body decays as they are expected to be more suppressed, but also because they involve lengthy and cumbersome calculations.
Rare decay $t\to c\gamma\gamma$ via scalar leptoquark doublets · Introduction · 0.88
What it cites · 27 sentences without a confident label
Uses data or values from 5 papers
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The most stringent bound on the mass of a doubly charged bilepton was obtained from muonium-antimuonium conversion [ref] .
New Bounds from Searching for Muonium to Antimuonium Conversion · Constraints on the model parameters · 0.91
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Another constraint was obtained in [ref] from the experimental data on the $Z→b̅b$ decay and electroweak precision measurements at the $Z$ pole: it was found that the $T$ quark mass is bounded into the 1500–4000 GeV interval for $m_Y^–$ around 700 GeV.
Bilepton and exotic quark mass limits in 331 models from Z -> b anti-b decay · Constraints on the model parameters · 0.97
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Another stringent bound, $m_Y^–>750$ GeV, arises from fermion pair production and lepton-flavor violating processes [ref] .
Mass Bounds for Flavour Mixing Bileptons · Constraints on the model parameters · 0.89
Compares with 1 paper
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This is similar to what happens with the $b→sγ$ decay [ref] .
The decay $b\to s\gamma$ in the 3-3-1 model · Decay $t→cγ$ in 331 models · 0.84
Cites as background 20 papers
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Although these models were soon ruled out, another SM extension based on the $SU_L(3)×U_X(1)$ gauge group was proposed by the authors of Ref. [ref] , motivated by the need of a doubly charged gauge boson to restore the unitarity of the cross section of the process $e^-e^-→W^-V^-$.
$SU(3)\otimes U(1)$ Model for Electroweak Interactions · Introduction · 0.87
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In particular, the most popular ones are the minimal 331 model [ref] and the 331 model with right-handed neutrinos [ref] .
$\mbox{SU}(3)_L \otimes \mbox{U}(1)_N$ and $\mbox{SU}(4)_L \otimes \mbox{U}(1)_N$ gauge models with right-handed neutrinos · Introduction · 0.99
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In particular, the most popular ones are the minimal 331 model [ref] and the 331 model with right-handed neutrinos [ref] .
The 331 model with right-handed neutrinos · Introduction · 0.99
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