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Influence of hadronic bound states above $T_c$ on heavy-quark observables in Pb+Pb collisions at at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 28 May 2013
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim We find that all studied observables are highly sensitive to the active degrees of freedom in the quark-gluon plasma.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
We investigate how the possible existence of hadronic bound states above the deconfinement transition temperature $T_c$ affects heavy-quark observables like the nuclear modification factor, the elliptic flow and azimuthal correlations. Lattice QCD calculations suggest that above $T_c$ the effective degrees of freedom might not be exclusively partonic but that a certain fraction of hadronic degrees of freedom might already form at higher temperatures. This is an interesting questions by itself but also has a strong influence on other probes of the strongly interacting matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. A substantial fraction of hadronic bound states above $T_c$ reduces on average the interaction of the heavy quarks with colored constituents of the medium. We find that all studied observables are highly sensitive to the active degrees of freedom in the quark-gluon plasma.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We investigate how the possible existence of hadronic bound states above the deconfinement transition temperature $T_c$ affects heavy-quark observables like the nuclear modification factor, the elliptic flow and azimuthal correlations. | contribution 0.99 | 0.73 | 0.08 | hedged possibility 0.67 |
| s1 | Lattice QCD calculations suggest that above $T_c$ the effective degrees of freedom might not be exclusively partonic but that a certain fraction of hadronic degrees of freedom might already form at higher temperatures. | background 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.04 | hedged possibility 0.97 |
| s2 | This is an interesting questions by itself but also has a strong influence on other probes of the strongly interacting matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. | background 0.92 | 0.06 | 0.04 | asserted 0.97 |
| s3 | A substantial fraction of hadronic bound states above $T_c$ reduces on average the interaction of the heavy quarks with colored constituents of the medium. | result 0.76 | 0.43 | 0.37 | asserted 0.99 |
| s4 | We find that all studied observables are highly sensitive to the active degrees of freedom in the quark-gluon plasma. | result 0.98 | 0.93 | 0.59 | asserted 1.00 |
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The paper
Original abstract
We investigate how the possible existence of hadronic bound states above the deconfinement transition temperature $T_c$ affects heavy-quark observables like the nuclear modification factor, the elliptic flow and azimuthal correlations. Lattice QCD calculations suggest that above $T_c$ the effective degrees of freedom might not be exclusively partonic but that a certain fraction of hadronic degrees of freedom might already form at higher temperatures. This is an interesting questions by itself but also has a strong influence on other probes of the strongly interacting matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. A substantial fraction of hadronic bound states above $T_c$ reduces on average the interaction of the heavy quarks with colored constituents of the medium. We find that all studied observables are highly sensitive to the active degrees of freedom in the quark-gluon plasma.
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References
How the literature uses it
35 arXiv papers cite this in 57 sentences
Papers citing it · 39 sentences without a confident label
Uses its method or tool 1 paper
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The heavy quarks are initialized via the $p_T$-distributions from FONLL [ref] , then propagated via the Boltzmann equation taking the local temperature and fluid velocities from the background medium and finally hadronized via coalescence at low-$p_T$ and fragmentation, which dominates at high-$p_T$ [ref] .
Heavy-flavor azimuthal correlations of D mesons · Introduction · 0.81
Compares with it 14 papers
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The measured $v_2$ of beauty decay electrons is compared to the predictions from several transport models which include significant interaction of beauty quarks with a hydrodynamically-expanding QGP [ref] .
Elliptic flow of electrons from beauty-hadron decays in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV · Introduction · 0.99
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The fraction of the effective partonic degrees of freedom, given by $λ=1-λ̃$ in equation ([ref]), is shown in Fig. [ref] which should be compared to the equivalent figure of [ref] .
Toward a consistent evolution of the quark-gluon plasma and heavy quarks · EPOS parametrization of the lattice equation of state · 0.99
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The ratio can be described well by model predictions [ref] that include collisional and radiative processes (top panel).
Beauty production in heavy-ion collisions with ALICE at the LHC · Results · 0.93
Cites it as background 2 papers
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The hot nuclear matter effects, such as colour screening [ref] , (re)generation [ref] in the case of hidden HF or energy loss [ref] in the case of open and hidden HF, can be studied in AA collisions where the formation of a QGP is expected.
Recent results on heavy flavour in small and large systems from ALICE · Introduction · 0.94
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EPOS2+MC@HQ has not only been used to compare the results with experimental data on heavy-hadron spectra but also, among others, to study correlations between a heavy quark and antiquark [ref] , higher order flow components [ref] and the influence of the existence of hadronic bound states beyond $T_c$ [ref] .
Towards the determination of heavy-quark transport coefficients in quark-gluon plasma · Nantes approach · 0.81
What it cites · 5 sentences without a confident label
Uses the method or tool of 2 papers
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The coherent emission of gluons, i. e. the QCD generalization of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect [ref] is included via an effective reduction of the spectrum [ref] .
Recent results on heavy quark quenching in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions: the impact of coherent gluon radiation · Introduction · 0.95
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The incoherent emission of bremsstrahlung gluons are included via matrix elements from scalar QCD [ref] .
Gluon radiation by heavy quarks at intermediate energies · Introduction · 0.97
Compares with 1 paper
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This is reflected in figure [ref], where the calculated $v_2$ of $D$ mesons is shown in the $30-50$ % centrality class from Pb+Pb collisions at $√(s)=2.76$ TeV and compared to ALICE data [ref] .
D meson elliptic flow in non-central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76TeV · Elliptic flow · 0.85
Discussion
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