Silver Blaze Puzzle in 1/Nc Expansions of Cold and Dense QCD Matter

Adi Armoni; Kenji Fukushima

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Silver Blaze Puzzle in 1/Nc Expansions of Cold and Dense QCD Matter

Adi Armoni, Kenji Fukushima

High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 10 Mar 2014

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We argue that the confining properties are responsible for the Silver Blaze in the region of m_pi/2 < mu_q < M_B/Nc.

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.89 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.06 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.47 · compares with prior results 0.57 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

We consider quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with Nc colors and Nf quark flavors at finite quark chemical potential mu_q or isospin chemical potential mu_I. We specifically address the nature of the ``Silver Blaze'' behavior in the framework of 1/Nc expansion. Starting with the QCD partition function, we implement Veneziano's Nf/Nc expansion to identify the density onset. We find the baryon mass M_B and the pion mass m_pi appearing from different order of Veneziano's expansion. We argue that the confining properties are responsible for the Silver Blaze in the region of m_pi/2 < mu_q < M_B/Nc. We point out, however, that Veneziano's expansion brings about a puzzling subtlety along the same line as the baryon problem in finite-density quenched simulations. We emphasize that the large-Nc limit can allow for the physical ordering of M_B and m_pi thanks to the similarity to the quenched approximation, while the unphysical ghost quarks contaminate the baryon sector if Nc is finite. We also discuss the ``orientifold'' large-Nc limit that does not quench quark loops.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We consider quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with Nc colors and Nf quark flavors at finite quark chemical potential mu_q or isospin chemical potential mu_I.	background 0.92	0.24	0.02	asserted 0.80
s1	We specifically address the nature of the ``Silver Blaze'' behavior in the framework of 1/Nc expansion.	contribution 0.92	0.44	0.05	asserted 0.52
s2	Starting with the QCD partition function, we implement Veneziano's Nf/Nc expansion to identify the density onset.	method 0.98	0.87	0.05	asserted 0.96
s3	We find the baryon mass M_B and the pion mass m_pi appearing from different order of Veneziano's expansion.	result 0.98	0.92	0.10	asserted 1.00
s4	We argue that the confining properties are responsible for the Silver Blaze in the region of m_pi/2 < mu_q < M_B/Nc.	interpretation 0.93	0.79	0.46	asserted 0.86
s5	We point out, however, that Veneziano's expansion brings about a puzzling subtlety along the same line as the baryon problem in finite-density quenched simulations.	limitation 0.68	0.67	0.09	asserted 0.97
s6	We emphasize that the large-Nc limit can allow for the physical ordering of M_B and m_pi thanks to the similarity to the quenched approximation, while the unphysical ghost quarks contaminate the baryon sector if Nc is finite.	interpretation 0.91	0.55	0.32	asserted 0.78
s7	We also discuss the ``orientifold'' large-Nc limit that does not quench quark loops.	contribution 0.95	0.59	0.04	asserted 0.56

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.97 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.76.

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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

We consider quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with Nc colors and Nf quark flavors at finite quark chemical potential mu_q or isospin chemical potential mu_I. We specifically address the nature of the ``Silver Blaze'' behavior in the framework of 1/Nc expansion. Starting with the QCD partition function, we implement Veneziano's Nf/Nc expansion to identify the density onset. We find the baryon mass M_B and the pion mass m_pi appearing from different order of Veneziano's expansion. We argue that the confining properties are responsible for the Silver Blaze in the region of m_pi/2 < mu_q < M_B/Nc. We point out, however, that Veneziano's expansion brings about a puzzling subtlety along the same line as the baryon problem in finite-density quenched simulations. We emphasize that the large-Nc limit can allow for the physical ordering of M_B and m_pi thanks to the similarity to the quenched approximation, while the unphysical ghost quarks contaminate the baryon sector if Nc is finite. We also discuss the ``orientifold'' large-Nc limit that does not quench quark loops.

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References

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1 arXiv paper cite this in 2 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 1 sentence without a confident label

Cites it as background 1 paper

However, the dominance of the black holes mean also that the Silver Blaze property of QCD (see [ref] ) is lost.

Cool baryon and quark matter in holographic QCD · Asymptotics of $w(ł)$ and the phase structure · 0.88

What it cites · 10 sentences without a confident label

Uses the method or tool of 2 papers

To this end we exploit the worldline formalism (or the canonical ensemble representation) in order to expand the Dirac determinant in powers of $/$ [ref] (see also arguments in Ref. [ref] ).

QCD With A Chemical Potential, Topology, And The 't Hooft 1/N Expansion · Introduction · 0.98
To this end we exploit the worldline formalism (or the canonical ensemble representation) in order to expand the Dirac determinant in powers of $/$ [ref] (see also arguments in Ref. [ref] ).

Large-N spacetime reduction and the sign and silver-blaze problems of dense QCD · Introduction · 0.98

Cites as background 6 papers

Unlike the case with $≪T$, lattice-QCD simulations based on the Monte-Carlo algorithm has a serious difficulty called the sign problem due to a fluctuating phase of the fermion (Dirac) determinant at $≠0$ [ref] .

Lattice QCD at Finite Density -- An introductory review · Introduction · 0.96
There are several approaches to evade the sign problem; the Taylor expansion [ref] , the re-weighing method [ref] , the imaginary chemical potential [ref] , and the complex Langevin equation [ref] , but they are not yet well-developed to go beyond the small-$/T$ regime.

A new method to study lattice QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential · Introduction · 0.92
There are several approaches to evade the sign problem; the Taylor expansion [ref] , the re-weighing method [ref] , the imaginary chemical potential [ref] , and the complex Langevin equation [ref] , but they are not yet well-developed to go beyond the small-$/T$ regime.

The QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential · Introduction · 0.92

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