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Criteria for the absence of quantum fluctuations after spontaneous symmetry breaking

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arxiv 1408.1691 v4 pith:FZHXSYN4 submitted 2014-08-07 cond-mat.other cond-mat.quant-gashep-phhep-th

classification cond-mat.othercond-mat.quant-gashep-phhep-th
keywords symmetryabsenceotherquantumbreakingclassicalcriteriaferromagnet
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The lowest-energy state of a macroscopic in which symmetry is spontaneously broken, is a very stable wavepacket centered around a spontaneously chosen, classical direction in symmetry space. However, for a Heisenberg ferromagnet the quantum groundstate is exactly the classical groundstate. This coincides with other exceptional properties of the ferromagnet, including spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking, a reduced number of Nambu-Goldstone modes and the absence of a thin spectrum (Anderson tower of states). Recent discoveries of other non-relativistic systems with fewer Nambu-Goldstone modes suggest these specialties apply there as well. I establish precise criteria for the absence of quantum fluctuations and all the other features. In particular, it is not sufficient that the order parameter commute with the Hamiltonian. It leads to a measurably larger coherence time of superpositions in small but macroscopic systems.

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  1. An Introduction to Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

    hep-th 2019-09 accept novelty 1.0 of 10

    A comprehensive review that frames spontaneous symmetry breaking through singular limits and stable broken-symmetry states, suitable for graduate teaching.

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