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Switching of Perpendicularly Polarized Nanomagnets with Spin Orbit Torque without an External Magnetic Field by Engineering a Tilted Anisotropy

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Long You, OukJae Lee, Debanjan Bhowmik, Dominic Labanowski, Jeongmin Hong, Jeffrey Bokor, Sayeef Salahuddin

Materials Science · Submitted 2 Sep 2014

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Here we show that it is possible switch a perpendicularly polarized magnet by SOT without needing an external magnetic field.

how it is stated · asserted 0.66 read the record →

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arXiv ID1409.0620 (version 3)
Pith IDZ6GZ2C4J, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationDebanjan Bhowmik, Dominic Labanowski, Jeffrey Bokor, Jeongmin Hong, Long You, OukJae Lee, Sayeef Salahuddin. "Switching of Perpendicularly Polarized Nanomagnets with Spin Orbit Torque without an External Magnetic Field by Engineering a Tilted Anisotropy." arXiv:1409.0620 (2014). https://pith.science/paper/Z6GZ2C4J
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The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 6,258 input tokens, $0.0003 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.09 · states limitation 0.12 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.06 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.04 · compares with prior results 0.39 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v3. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

Spin orbit torque (SOT) provides an efficient way of generating spin current that promises to significantly reduce the current required for switching nanomagnets. However, an in-plane current generated SOT cannot deterministically switch a perpendicularly polarized magnet due to symmetry reasons. On the other hand, perpendicularly polarized magnets are preferred over in-plane magnets for high-density data storage applications due to their significantly larger thermal stability in ultra-scaled dimensions. Here we show that it is possible switch a perpendicularly polarized magnet by SOT without needing an external magnetic field. This is accomplished by engineering an anisotropy in the magnets such that the magnetic easy axis slightly tilts away from the film-normal. Such a tilted anisotropy breaks the symmetry of the problem and makes it possible to switch the magnet deterministically. Using a simple Ta/CoFeB/MgO/Ta heterostructure, we demonstrate reversible switching of the magnetization by reversing the polarity of the applied current. This demonstration presents a new approach for controlling nanomagnets with spin orbit torque.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 Spin orbit torque (SOT) provides an efficient way of generating spin current that promises to significantly reduce the current required for switching nanomagnets. background 1.00 0.05 0.03 asserted 0.59
s1 However, an in-plane current generated SOT cannot deterministically switch a perpendicularly polarized magnet due to symmetry reasons. background 0.63 0.07 0.02 asserted 1.00
s2 On the other hand, perpendicularly polarized magnets are preferred over in-plane magnets for high-density data storage applications due to their significantly larger thermal stability in ultra-scaled dimensions. background 0.99 0.05 0.02 asserted 1.00
s3 Here we show that it is possible switch a perpendicularly polarized magnet by SOT without needing an external magnetic field. contribution 0.90 0.90 0.87 asserted 0.66
s4 This is accomplished by engineering an anisotropy in the magnets such that the magnetic easy axis slightly tilts away from the film-normal. method 0.81 0.86 0.13 asserted 1.00
s5 Such a tilted anisotropy breaks the symmetry of the problem and makes it possible to switch the magnet deterministically. interpretation 0.79 0.49 0.21 asserted 0.98
s6 Using a simple Ta/CoFeB/MgO/Ta heterostructure, we demonstrate reversible switching of the magnetization by reversing the polarity of the applied current. result 0.77 0.96 0.16 asserted 1.00
s7 This demonstration presents a new approach for controlling nanomagnets with spin orbit torque. interpretation 0.80 0.46 0.17 asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: empirical study 0.71 · evidence from observation or experiment 1.00.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v3
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

Spin orbit torque (SOT) provides an efficient way of generating spin current that promises to significantly reduce the current required for switching nanomagnets. However, an in-plane current generated SOT cannot deterministically switch a perpendicularly polarized magnet due to symmetry reasons. On the other hand, perpendicularly polarized magnets are preferred over in-plane magnets for high-density data storage applications due to their significantly larger thermal stability in ultra-scaled dimensions. Here we show that it is possible switch a perpendicularly polarized magnet by SOT without needing an external magnetic field. This is accomplished by engineering an anisotropy in the magnets such that the magnetic easy axis slightly tilts away from the film-normal. Such a tilted anisotropy breaks the symmetry of the problem and makes it possible to switch the magnet deterministically. Using a simple Ta/CoFeB/MgO/Ta heterostructure, we demonstrate reversible switching of the magnetization by reversing the polarity of the applied current. This demonstration presents a new approach for controlling nanomagnets with spin orbit torque.

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Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

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