Josephson instantons and Josephson monopoles in a non-Abelian Josephson junction

Muneto Nitta

RECORD

Josephson instantons and Josephson monopoles in a non-Abelian Josephson junction

Muneto Nitta

High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 6 Mar 2015

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim In this paper, we propose Josephson instantons and Josephson monopoles, that is, Yang-Mills instantons and monopoles inside a non-Abelian Josephson junction, respectively, and show that they are described as $SU(N)$ Skyrmions and $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices in the $U(N)$ principal chiral model without and with a twisted mass term, respectively.

how it is stated · asserted 0.98 read the record →

Comment (0) Read on arXiv ↗

Cite ▾

Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Open the compiled record

Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 6,128 input tokens, $0.0003 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.07 · states limitation 0.08 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.01 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.04 · compares with prior results 0.28 · mentions code or data availability 0.01.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v3. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

Non-Abelian Josephson junction is a junction of non-Abelian color superconductors sandwiching an insulator, or non-Abelian domain wall if flexible, whose low-energy dynamics is described by a $U(N)$ principal chiral model with the conventional pion mass. A non-Abelian Josephson vortex is a non-Abelian vortex (color magnetic flux tube) residing inside the junction, that is described as a non-Abelian sine-Gordon soliton. In this paper, we propose Josephson instantons and Josephson monopoles, that is, Yang-Mills instantons and monopoles inside a non-Abelian Josephson junction, respectively, and show that they are described as $SU(N)$ Skyrmions and $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices in the $U(N)$ principal chiral model without and with a twisted mass term, respectively. Instantons with a twisted boundary condition are reduced (or T-dual) to monopoles, implying that ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ lumps are T-dual to ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ kinks inside a vortex. Here we find $SU(N)$ Skyrmions are T-dual to $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices inside a wall. Our configurations suggest a yet another duality between ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ lumps and $SU(N)$ Skyrmions as well as that between ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ kinks and $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices, viewed from different host solitons. They also suggest a duality between fractional instantons and bions in the ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ model and those in the $SU(N)$ principal chiral model.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	Non-Abelian Josephson junction is a junction of non-Abelian color superconductors sandwiching an insulator, or non-Abelian domain wall if flexible, whose low-energy dynamics is described by a $U(N)$ principal chiral model with the conventional pion mass.	background 1.00	0.09	0.03	asserted 1.00
s1	A non-Abelian Josephson vortex is a non-Abelian vortex (color magnetic flux tube) residing inside the junction, that is described as a non-Abelian sine-Gordon soliton.	background 1.00	0.13	0.03	asserted 1.00
s2	In this paper, we propose Josephson instantons and Josephson monopoles, that is, Yang-Mills instantons and monopoles inside a non-Abelian Josephson junction, respectively, and show that they are described as $SU(N)$ Skyrmions and $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices in the $U(N)$ principal chiral model without and with a twisted mass term, respectively.	contribution 0.94	0.92	0.63	asserted 0.98
s3	Instantons with a twisted boundary condition are reduced (or T-dual) to monopoles, implying that ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ lumps are T-dual to ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ kinks inside a vortex.	interpretation 0.79	0.27	0.15	asserted 1.00
s4	Here we find $SU(N)$ Skyrmions are T-dual to $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices inside a wall.	result 0.94	0.92	0.31	asserted 1.00
s5	Our configurations suggest a yet another duality between ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ lumps and $SU(N)$ Skyrmions as well as that between ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ kinks and $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices, viewed from different host solitons.	interpretation 0.98	0.66	0.26	hedged possibility 1.00
s6	They also suggest a duality between fractional instantons and bions in the ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ model and those in the $SU(N)$ principal chiral model.	interpretation 0.94	0.63	0.16	hedged possibility 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.90.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read

arXiv listing abstract v3

not examined

full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

levels run

P abstract

not run

S sections
T body sentences
C citations
R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

Non-Abelian Josephson junction is a junction of non-Abelian color superconductors sandwiching an insulator, or non-Abelian domain wall if flexible, whose low-energy dynamics is described by a $U(N)$ principal chiral model with the conventional pion mass. A non-Abelian Josephson vortex is a non-Abelian vortex (color magnetic flux tube) residing inside the junction, that is described as a non-Abelian sine-Gordon soliton. In this paper, we propose Josephson instantons and Josephson monopoles, that is, Yang-Mills instantons and monopoles inside a non-Abelian Josephson junction, respectively, and show that they are described as $SU(N)$ Skyrmions and $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices in the $U(N)$ principal chiral model without and with a twisted mass term, respectively. Instantons with a twisted boundary condition are reduced (or T-dual) to monopoles, implying that ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ lumps are T-dual to ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ kinks inside a vortex. Here we find $SU(N)$ Skyrmions are T-dual to $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices inside a wall. Our configurations suggest a yet another duality between ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ lumps and $SU(N)$ Skyrmions as well as that between ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ kinks and $U(1)^{N-1}$ vortices, viewed from different host solitons. They also suggest a duality between fractional instantons and bions in the ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ model and those in the $SU(N)$ principal chiral model.

Human review

How Pith checks papers → · Full audit of this paper →

References

How the literature uses it

12 arXiv papers cite this in 26 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 20 sentences without a confident label

Cites it as background 6 papers

Such a soliton with non-Abelian moduli is called a non-Abelian sine-Gordon soliton [ref] .

Spin Statistics and Surgeries of Topological Solitons in QCD Matter in Magnetic Field · Chiral solitons · 0.83
Josephson terms have been also studied in field-theoretical setups [ref] , and have been generalized to non-Abelian Josephson junctions [ref] and intrinsic interactions [ref] .[The Josephson interaction term also appears naturally in two-Higgs doublet models (2HDMs) in particle physics (see ref.

Chemical bonds of two vortex species with a generalized Josephson term and arbitrary charges · Introduction · 0.92
Monopoles and Yang-Mills instantons trapped in the non-Abelian Josephson junction have been studied in Ref. [ref] .

Josephson junction of non-Abelian superconductors and non-Abelian Josephson vortices · Summary and Discussion · 0.95

What it cites · 33 sentences without a confident label

Cites as support 1 paper

It was shown in Ref. [ref] from the flux matching that this is precisely a non-Abelian vortex.

Josephson junction of non-Abelian superconductors and non-Abelian Josephson vortices · Non-Abelian vortex as a non-Abelian sine-Gordon soliton inside the junction · 0.98

Cites as background 9 papers

In the Higgs phase, there can exist a non-Abelian vortex that has $ℂP^N-1$ moduli [ref] and a non-Abelian domain wall carrying $U(N)$ moduli [ref] .

Domain Walls with Non-Abelian Clouds · Introduction · 0.88
Fractional instantons in the $ℂP^N-1$ model [ref] (see also Refs. [ref] ) and the Grassmann sigma model [ref] in two Euclidean dimensions have been paid renewal interests because their composites with zero instanton charges, called bions, play significant roles in the resurgence of quantum field theory [ref] .

Neutral bions in the ${\mathbb C}P^{N-1}$ model · Introduction · 0.95
Fractional instantons in the $ℂP^N-1$ model [ref] (see also Refs. [ref] ) and the Grassmann sigma model [ref] in two Euclidean dimensions have been paid renewal interests because their composites with zero instanton charges, called bions, play significant roles in the resurgence of quantum field theory [ref] .

Twisted CP(N-1) instanton projectors and the N-level quantum density matrix · Introduction · 0.95

Discussion

Know something about this paper? Leave a comment, or highlight any passage above to comment on it.