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Lepton number violation in 331 models

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 21 Jul 2016

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Yet, despite being an active research topic, the status of lepton number in 331 models has not been fully addressed in the literature, and furthermore many of the original proposals can not explain the observed neutrino masses.

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arXiv ID1607.06328 (version 2)
Pith IDFP7OVSPY, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationMartin Hirsch, Renato M. Fonseca. "Lepton number violation in 331 models." arXiv:1607.06328 (2016). https://pith.science/paper/FP7OVSPY
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Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,667 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.07 · states limitation 0.11 · human participants 0.02 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.03 · compares with prior results 0.15 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

Different models based on the extended $SU(3)_{C}\times SU(3)_{L}\times U(1)_{X}$ (331) gauge group have been proposed over the past four decades. Yet, despite being an active research topic, the status of lepton number in 331 models has not been fully addressed in the literature, and furthermore many of the original proposals can not explain the observed neutrino masses. In this paper we review the basic features of various 331 models, focusing on potential sources of lepton number violation. We then describe different modifications which can be made to the original models in order to accommodate neutrino (and charged lepton) masses.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 Different models based on the extended $SU(3)_{C}\times SU(3)_{L}\times U(1)_{X}$ (331) gauge group have been proposed over the past four decades. background 1.00 0.03 0.02 asserted 1.00
s1 Yet, despite being an active research topic, the status of lepton number in 331 models has not been fully addressed in the literature, and furthermore many of the original proposals can not explain the observed neutrino masses. gap 1.00 0.09 0.05 asserted 1.00
s2 In this paper we review the basic features of various 331 models, focusing on potential sources of lepton number violation. contribution 0.99 0.79 0.07 asserted 0.86
s3 We then describe different modifications which can be made to the original models in order to accommodate neutrino (and charged lepton) masses. contribution 0.93 0.78 0.06 asserted 0.83

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: review 1.00 · evidence from literature 0.99.

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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

Different models based on the extended $SU(3)_{C}\times SU(3)_{L}\times U(1)_{X}$ (331) gauge group have been proposed over the past four decades. Yet, despite being an active research topic, the status of lepton number in 331 models has not been fully addressed in the literature, and furthermore many of the original proposals can not explain the observed neutrino masses. In this paper we review the basic features of various 331 models, focusing on potential sources of lepton number violation. We then describe different modifications which can be made to the original models in order to accommodate neutrino (and charged lepton) masses.

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References
How the literature uses it

21 arXiv papers cite this in 28 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 15 sentences without a confident label

Cites it as support 1 paper
  • The answer is that such symmetry would also eliminate all lepton number violating terms from the PPF-S model [ref] .

    Gauge vectors and double beta decay · Models based on the 331 group · 0.96

Cites it as background 12 papers

What it cites · 36 sentences without a confident label

Contests 1 paper
  • Using the procedure outlined above for the SVS model, the PPF model with the interactions described in [ref] preserves the $U(1)_L$ symmetry under which the various fields have the charges indicated in table [ref], so there is no explicit lepton number violation in the model as written down in [ref] .

    $SU(3)\otimes U(1)$ Model for Electroweak Interactions · The Pisano-Pleitez-Frampton (PPF) model · contest 0.85

Compares with 4 papers
  • However, the $1/√(2)$ factors cannot be absorbed, so the expression in equation ([ref]) for the sextet differs in a material way from the one used in [ref] , for example, agreeing instead with [ref] .[Without these $1/√(2)$ factors, it is easy to check that a mass term $Tr(6^†6)$ will not correspond to the sum of the norm-squared of all six components.]

    Neutrino mass mechanisms in 3-3-1 models: A short review · Appendix: decomposition of 331 representationstocsectionAppendix A: contractions and decomposition of 331 representation · 0.80

  • However, the $1/√(2)$ factors cannot be absorbed, so the expression in equation ([ref]) for the sextet differs in a material way from the one used in [ref] , for example, agreeing instead with [ref] .[Without these $1/√(2)$ factors, it is easy to check that a mass term $Tr(6^†6)$ will not correspond to the sum of the norm-squared of all six components.]

    Radiative Seesaw in Minimal 3-3-1 Model · Appendix: decomposition of 331 representationstocsectionAppendix A: contractions and decomposition of 331 representation · 0.80

  • However, the $1/√(2)$ factors cannot be absorbed, so the expression in equation ([ref]) for the sextet differs in a material way from the one used in [ref] , for example, agreeing instead with [ref] .[Without these $1/√(2)$ factors, it is easy to check that a mass term $Tr(6^†6)$ will not correspond to the sum of the norm-squared of all six components.]

    Generating Neutrino Mass in the 331 Model · Appendix: decomposition of 331 representationstocsectionAppendix A: contractions and decomposition of 331 representation · 0.80

Cites as background 46 papers
  • Following the generic framework of the SVS model, in 1992 a different 331 model was presented [ref] .

    $SU(3)\otimes U(1)$ Model for Electroweak Interactions · The Pisano-Pleitez-Frampton (PPF) model · 0.95

  • These $SU(3)_C×SU(3)_L×U(1)_X$ (331) models have received considerable attention in connection with various topics: neutrino mass generation [ref] , flavour symmetries [ref] , quark flavour observables [ref] or the recent LHC diphoton excess [ref] , among others.

    The 3-3-1 model with A_4 flavor symmetry · Introduction · 0.80

  • These $SU(3)_C×SU(3)_L×U(1)_X$ (331) models have received considerable attention in connection with various topics: neutrino mass generation [ref] , flavour symmetries [ref] , quark flavour observables [ref] or the recent LHC diphoton excess [ref] , among others.

    The 3-3-1 model with S_4 flavor symmetry · Introduction · 0.80

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