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Observational Implications of Fuzzball Formation
High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 7 Apr 2017
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim This implies that the formation of fuzzballs gives rise to distinct observational signatures that are more significant than has hitherto been thought and may be tested against observations in the near future.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
We consider the quantum dynamics of gravitational collapse in a model in which the wave function spreads out over a large ensemble of geometries as envisioned in the fuzzball proposal. We show that the probabilities of coarse-grained observables are highly peaked around the classical black hole values. By contrast, probabilities for finer-grained observables probing the neighbourhood of collapsed objects are more broadly distributed and no notion of `averaging' applies to them. This implies that the formation of fuzzballs gives rise to distinct observational signatures that are more significant than has hitherto been thought and may be tested against observations in the near future. We also predict a novel kind of gravitational wave burst associated with the spreading of the wave function in gravitational collapse.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We consider the quantum dynamics of gravitational collapse in a model in which the wave function spreads out over a large ensemble of geometries as envisioned in the fuzzball proposal. | contribution 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.04 | asserted 0.54 |
| s1 | We show that the probabilities of coarse-grained observables are highly peaked around the classical black hole values. | result 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.17 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | By contrast, probabilities for finer-grained observables probing the neighbourhood of collapsed objects are more broadly distributed and no notion of `averaging' applies to them. | result 0.98 | 0.83 | 0.12 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | This implies that the formation of fuzzballs gives rise to distinct observational signatures that are more significant than has hitherto been thought and may be tested against observations in the near future. | interpretation 1.00 | 0.62 | 0.77 | hedged possibility 0.66 |
| s4 | We also predict a novel kind of gravitational wave burst associated with the spreading of the wave function in gravitational collapse. | result 0.81 | 0.82 | 0.13 | asserted 0.98 |
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The paper
Original abstract
We consider the quantum dynamics of gravitational collapse in a model in which the wave function spreads out over a large ensemble of geometries as envisioned in the fuzzball proposal. We show that the probabilities of coarse-grained observables are highly peaked around the classical black hole values. By contrast, probabilities for finer-grained observables probing the neighbourhood of collapsed objects are more broadly distributed and no notion of `averaging' applies to them. This implies that the formation of fuzzballs gives rise to distinct observational signatures that are more significant than has hitherto been thought and may be tested against observations in the near future. We also predict a novel kind of gravitational wave burst associated with the spreading of the wave function in gravitational collapse.
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References
How the literature uses it
15 arXiv papers cite this in 19 sentences
Papers citing it · 14 sentences without a confident label
Cites it as support 2 papers
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We will argue, as have several authors before us [ref] , that in a fully quantum-gravitational treatment, an evaporating black hole is described not by a single semiclassical background but rather a superposition of many such geometries, each corresponding to different branches of the wave function.[This conclusion could be viewed as a (mild and well-understood) violation of the second postulate above—there is not one local effective field theory for a single background but rather a different effective field theory on each semiclassical background.
Branches of the Black Hole Wave Function Need Not Contain Firewalls · The black hole information puzzle · 1.00
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Here, I would like to advocate taking an optimistic viewpoint: even though many microstate geometries may not be typical in some ways, they still serve as useful tools to identify universal properties of black hole microstates [ref] , and can qualitatively point the way to interesting possible observable quantities in current and future observations which may indicate the existence of horizon-scale microstructure [ref] .
Fuzzballs and Observations · Typicality · 0.99
Cites it as background 3 papers
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Several different resolutions to this puzzle have been proposed,[This list is not meant to be exhaustive—for one listing see the comprehensive bibliography in Almheiri:2013hfa.] from those that modify quantum mechanics [ref] to those that allow a breakdown of no drama [ref] or of unitarity [ref] , identify the early Hawking radiation with the black hole interior [ref] , modify the interior geometry [ref] , invoke quantum complexity theory [ref] , allow for black hole remnants [ref] , or take nonlocal approaches [ref] .
Branches of the Black Hole Wave Function Need Not Contain Firewalls · The black hole information puzzle · 0.97
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Due to the substantial complexity, it is open for debate how to best approach this problem [ref] .
Quasinormal modes of rotating black holes in higher-derivative gravity · Introduction · 0.92
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See also [ref] for other work on distinguishing microstates.) We do not address these arguments here as we do not directly discuss distinguishibility between microstates or their thermal average.
Probing Black Hole Microstate Evolution with Networks and Random Walks · Discussion · 0.95
What it cites · 24 sentences without a confident label
Uses the method or tool of 5 papers
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We use sum-over-histories quantum mechanics [ref] to construct a toy model of the quantum dynamics of gravitational collapse in a scenario like what is envisioned in the fuzzball proposal[See e.g. [ref] for recent studies of possible quantum gravity signatures in alternative models of gravitational collapse.].
Gravitational wave tests of quantum modifications to black hole structure -- with post-GW150914 update · Introduction · 0.98
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We use sum-over-histories quantum mechanics [ref] to construct a toy model of the quantum dynamics of gravitational collapse in a scenario like what is envisioned in the fuzzball proposal[See e.g. [ref] for recent studies of possible quantum gravity signatures in alternative models of gravitational collapse.].
Event Horizon Telescope Observations as Probes for Quantum Structure of Astrophysical Black Holes · Introduction · 0.98
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We use sum-over-histories quantum mechanics [ref] to construct a toy model of the quantum dynamics of gravitational collapse in a scenario like what is envisioned in the fuzzball proposal[See e.g. [ref] for recent studies of possible quantum gravity signatures in alternative models of gravitational collapse.].
Echoes of ECOs: gravitational-wave signatures of exotic compact objects and of quantum corrections at the horizon scale · Introduction · 0.98
Cites as background 7 papers
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The fuzzball (FB) scenario[See e.g. [ref] for reviews of the fuzzball program.] is an example of a model of gravitational collapse that envisions an early spreading of the wave function of this kind [ref] .
The fuzzball proposal for black holes · Introduction · 0.96
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The fuzzball (FB) scenario[See e.g. [ref] for reviews of the fuzzball program.] is an example of a model of gravitational collapse that envisions an early spreading of the wave function of this kind [ref] .
Tunneling into fuzzball states · Introduction · 0.96
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The fuzzball (FB) scenario[See e.g. [ref] for reviews of the fuzzball program.] is an example of a model of gravitational collapse that envisions an early spreading of the wave function of this kind [ref] .
Black Holes as Effective Geometries · Introduction · 0.96
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