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PeV scale Supersymmetry breaking and the IceCube neutrino flux
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 19 Dec 2017
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim With the main assumptions of super-partner masses at the PeV scale and also a reheating temperature not much larger than the PeV scale, we find in our model several natural order-of-magnitude "miracles", (i) the gravitino is produced via freeze-in as a DM candidate with the correct relic density (ii) the right-handed (RH) sneutrino makes up only a tiny fraction ($10^{-6})$, of the present day energy density of the universe, yet its decay lifetime to the gravitino and neutrinos is such that it naturally predicts the right order-of-magnitude for the IceCube neutrino flux.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
The observation of very high energy neutrino events at IceCube has grasped a lot of attention in the fields of both astrophysics and particle physics. It has been speculated that these high energy neutrinos might originate either from purely conventional astrophysical sources or from the late decay of a super heavy (PeV scale) dark matter (DM) particle. In order for decaying DM to be a dominant source of the IceCube high-energy neutrinos, it would require an unusually suppressed value of the coupling of DM to neutrinos. We attempt to explain this small coupling in the context of an $R$-parity conserving minimal supergravity model which has right-handed neutrino superfields. With the main assumptions of super-partner masses at the PeV scale and also a reheating temperature not much larger than the PeV scale, we find in our model several natural order-of-magnitude "miracles", (i) the gravitino is produced via freeze-in as a DM candidate with the correct relic density (ii) the right-handed (RH) sneutrino makes up only a tiny fraction ($10^{-6})$, of the present day energy density of the universe, yet its decay lifetime to the gravitino and neutrinos is such that it naturally predicts the right order-of-magnitude for the IceCube neutrino flux. The long lifetime of the RH sneutrino is explained by the existence of a global $R$-symmetry which is only broken due to supersymmetry breaking effects. Our model also predicts a flux of 100 TeV gamma rays from the decaying RH sneutrino which are within the current observational constraints.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | The observation of very high energy neutrino events at IceCube has grasped a lot of attention in the fields of both astrophysics and particle physics. | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | It has been speculated that these high energy neutrinos might originate either from purely conventional astrophysical sources or from the late decay of a super heavy (PeV scale) dark matter (DM) particle. | background 0.99 | 0.04 | 0.04 | speculative 0.98 |
| s2 | In order for decaying DM to be a dominant source of the IceCube high-energy neutrinos, it would require an unusually suppressed value of the coupling of DM to neutrinos. | background 0.71 | 0.10 | 0.06 | asserted 0.65 |
| s3 | We attempt to explain this small coupling in the context of an $R$-parity conserving minimal supergravity model which has right-handed neutrino superfields. | contribution 0.51 | 0.74 | 0.05 | asserted 0.43 |
| s4 | With the main assumptions of super-partner masses at the PeV scale and also a reheating temperature not much larger than the PeV scale, we find in our model several natural order-of-magnitude "miracles", (i) the gravitino is produced via freeze-in as a DM candidate with the correct relic density (ii) the right-handed (RH) sneutrino makes up only a tiny fraction ($10^{-6})$, of the present day energy density of the universe, yet its decay lifetime to the gravitino and neutrinos is such that it naturally predicts the right order-of-magnitude for the IceCube neutrino flux. | result 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.65 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | The long lifetime of the RH sneutrino is explained by the existence of a global $R$-symmetry which is only broken due to supersymmetry breaking effects. | interpretation 0.71 | 0.66 | 0.09 | asserted 1.00 |
| s6 | Our model also predicts a flux of 100 TeV gamma rays from the decaying RH sneutrino which are within the current observational constraints. | result 0.99 | 0.85 | 0.15 | asserted 0.99 |
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The paper
Original abstract
The observation of very high energy neutrino events at IceCube has grasped a lot of attention in the fields of both astrophysics and particle physics. It has been speculated that these high energy neutrinos might originate either from purely conventional astrophysical sources or from the late decay of a super heavy (PeV scale) dark matter (DM) particle. In order for decaying DM to be a dominant source of the IceCube high-energy neutrinos, it would require an unusually suppressed value of the coupling of DM to neutrinos. We attempt to explain this small coupling in the context of an $R$-parity conserving minimal supergravity model which has right-handed neutrino superfields. With the main assumptions of super-partner masses at the PeV scale and also a reheating temperature not much larger than the PeV scale, we find in our model several natural order-of-magnitude "miracles", (i) the gravitino is produced via freeze-in as a DM candidate with the correct relic density (ii) the right-handed (RH) sneutrino makes up only a tiny fraction ($10^{-6})$, of the present day energy density of the universe, yet its decay lifetime to the gravitino and neutrinos is such that it naturally predicts the right order-of-magnitude for the IceCube neutrino flux. The long lifetime of the RH sneutrino is explained by the existence of a global $R$-symmetry which is only broken due to supersymmetry breaking effects. Our model also predicts a flux of 100 TeV gamma rays from the decaying RH sneutrino which are within the current observational constraints.
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References
How the literature uses it
10 arXiv papers cite this in 10 sentences
Papers citing it · 4 sentences without a confident label
Cites it as support 1 paper
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Energy resolutions of 0.1 in $log_10(E/GeV)$ at the HE scale, and in half-decade energy binning, are sufficient to resolve bumps and dips that may indicate new physics [ref] while also distinguishing among models of astrophysical neutrino production [ref] .
High-Energy and Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos · Detector requirements to achieve the science goals · 0.97
Cites it as background 5 papers
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Heavy Dark Matter particles could also produce high-energy neutrinos through their decay [ref] .
Neutrinophilic Dark Matter in the epoch of IceCube and Fermi-LAT · Introduction · 0.85
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The possibility to explain part or all of the neutrino event spectrum observed by IceCube in terms of heavy DM decays or annihilations has been extensively considered [ref] .
Update on decaying and annihilating heavy dark matter with the 6-year IceCube HESE data · Introduction · 1.00
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For specific model examples of decaying heavy DM, see e.g. Refs. [ref] .
A Combined Astrophysical and Dark Matter Interpretation of the IceCube HESE and Throughgoing Muon Events · Introduction · 0.91
What it cites · 53 sentences without a confident label
Uses the method or tool of 4 papers
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The factor of $dN_ν(E_h^0)/d E_ν$ gives the neutrino spectrum from Higgs decays and can be taken from the tabulated values in the PPPC4DMID code [ref] which is based on Pythia [ref] .
A Brief Introduction to PYTHIA 8.1 · Neutrino flux from sneutrino DM decay · 0.92
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The factor of $dN_ν(E_h^0)/d E_ν$ gives the neutrino spectrum from Higgs decays and can be taken from the tabulated values in the PPPC4DMID code [ref] which is based on Pythia [ref] .
PPPC 4 DM ID: A Poor Particle Physicist Cookbook for Dark Matter Indirect Detection · Neutrino flux from sneutrino DM decay · 0.92
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The differential neutrino flux observed at Earth from extragalactic RH sneutrino decay is given by [ref] , d ϕ/d E_ν = Ω__1 ρ_c/4 πm__1 τ__1 ∫^∞_0 dz 1/H(z) d N_ν/d E^'_ν, where $E^'_ν=(1+z) E_ν$ is the energy of the neutrinos at source points which are at a redshift $z$, which gives rise to neutrinos at Earth with an energy $E_ν$.
Neutrino Signals from Gravitino Dark Matter with Broken R-Parity · Neutrino flux from sneutrino DM decay · 0.82
Uses data or values from 2 papers
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The IceCube collaboration has found a best fit spectral index $γ= 0.5 ±0.09$ for neutrinos with energies between $25$ TeV to $2.8$ PeV [ref] .
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory - Contributions to ICRC 2015 Part II: Atmospheric and Astrophysical Diffuse Neutrino Searches of All Flavors · Neutrino flux from astrophysical sources · 1.00
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For the parameters $Ω__1 =1.5 ×10^-6$, $m__1=6.5$ PeV and $τ__1 ∼10^24$ sec, and taking values of all the cosmological parameters from the latest results given by Planck [ref] , we can compute the final differential flux obtained from sneutrino decay as a sum of galactic and extragalactic contributions.
Planck 2015 results. XX. Constraints on inflation · Neutrino flux from sneutrino DM decay · 1.00
Cites as background 17 papers
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In order to keep the discussion self-contained, we briefly review the details of the freeze-in mechanism from decay and scattering of heavier particles [ref] .
Freeze-In Production of FIMP Dark Matter · Relic abundance · 0.90
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In order to keep the discussion self-contained, we briefly review the details of the freeze-in mechanism from decay and scattering of heavier particles [ref] .
UltraViolet Freeze-in · Relic abundance · 0.90
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Previous work has studied the compatibility of gamma ray observations with astrophysical interpretations [ref] as well as decaying DM interpretations of the neutrino flux [ref] .
Probing the Galactic Origin of the IceCube Excess with Gamma-Rays · Neutrino flux from sneutrino DM decay · 0.95
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