Atmospheric Charm, QCD and Neutrino Astronomy

Bernd A. Kniehl; Maria V. Garzelli; Michael Benzke

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Atmospheric Charm, QCD and Neutrino Astronomy

Michael Benzke, Maria V. Garzelli, Bernd A. Kniehl

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 5 Dec 2018

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We provide comparisons with the experimental results obtained by the IceCube Collaboration and we discuss implications for parton distribution functions.

how it is stated · asserted 0.92 read the record →

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The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,651 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.08 · human participants 0.02 · controlled comparison 0.13 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.06 · compares with prior results 0.98 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

We present predictions for the prompt-neutrino flux arising from the decay of charmed mesons and baryons produced by the interactions of high-energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere, making use of a QCD approach on the basis of the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme for the description of charm hadroproduction at next-to-leading order, complemented by a consistent set of fragmentation functions. This same scheme is used for the description of charm hadroproduction at both the Tevatron and the Large Hadron Collider. We compare the theoretical predictions to those already obtained by our and other groups with different theoretical approaches. We provide comparisons with the experimental results obtained by the IceCube Collaboration and we discuss implications for parton distribution functions.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We present predictions for the prompt-neutrino flux arising from the decay of charmed mesons and baryons produced by the interactions of high-energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere, making use of a QCD approach on the basis of the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme for the description of charm hadroproduction at next-to-leading order, complemented by a consistent set of fragmentation functions.	contribution 0.96	0.94	0.17	asserted 0.99
s1	This same scheme is used for the description of charm hadroproduction at both the Tevatron and the Large Hadron Collider.	method 0.73	0.39	0.04	asserted 1.00
s2	We compare the theoretical predictions to those already obtained by our and other groups with different theoretical approaches.	contribution 0.75	0.75	0.05	asserted 0.93
s3	We provide comparisons with the experimental results obtained by the IceCube Collaboration and we discuss implications for parton distribution functions.	contribution 0.46	0.82	0.14	asserted 0.92

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.95 · evidence from simulation or computation 0.90.

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arXiv listing abstract v1

not examined

full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

levels run

P abstract

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S sections
T body sentences
C citations
R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

We present predictions for the prompt-neutrino flux arising from the decay of charmed mesons and baryons produced by the interactions of high-energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere, making use of a QCD approach on the basis of the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme for the description of charm hadroproduction at next-to-leading order, complemented by a consistent set of fragmentation functions. This same scheme is used for the description of charm hadroproduction at both the Tevatron and the Large Hadron Collider. We compare the theoretical predictions to those already obtained by our and other groups with different theoretical approaches. We provide comparisons with the experimental results obtained by the IceCube Collaboration and we discuss implications for parton distribution functions.

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1 arXiv paper cite this in 1 sentence

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers whose main result relates to this one's

Found among the papers closest to this one by title and main claim. Pith's classifier compared each pair's main results and a second model family confirmed the relation; checked against two further families, shown conflicts agreed 118 times in 120 and shown same results 218 times in 239. The quoted sentence is the other paper's main claim.

States the same result 1 paper

We provide comparisons with the experimental results obtained by the IceCube Collaboration in two different analyses and we discuss the implications for parton distribution functions.

Prompt neutrinos from atmospheric charm in the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme · 0.97

Papers citing it

Cites it as background 1 paper

Even though this paper now concentrates on isometry groups, we should also add references to recent work on diffeomorphism groups omitted in the Introduction in [ref] : Bamler-Kleiner [ref] , Baraglia [ref] , Iida-Konno-Mukherjee-Taniguchi [ref] , Kronheimer-Mrowka [ref] , Kupers-Randal-Williams [ref] , Lin-Mukherjee [ref] , Konno-Tanaguchi [ref] , and Watanabe [ref] .

The Geometry of Loop Spaces II: Corrections · Introduction · 0.96

What it cites · 23 sentences without a confident label

Uses the method or tool of 4 papers

In this work, we will use the GM-VFNS as it was introduced in Ref. [ref] to compute the charm production cross sections needed to determine the prompt-neutrino fluxes.

Inclusive D^{*+-} Production in p p-bar Collisions with Massive Charm Quarks · GM-VFNS · 1.00
The implementation of the GM-VFNS for hadroproduction [ref] can be presented in the following way [equation] The subtraction of the zero-mass limit of the FFNS result avoids a double counting with the ZM part, which contains contributions of charm quarks in the initial state.

Collinear Subtractions in Hadroproduction of Heavy Quarks · GM-VFNS · 0.95
The partonic cross section $dσ̂$ in Eq. ([ref]) is replaced by the corresponding finite-mass version $dσ̂(m_c)$, which can be derived from the NLO parton model and the FFNS results [ref] in an appropriate calculation scheme.

Next-to-Leading Order QCD Corrections to the Polarized Hadroproduction of Heavy Flavors · GM-VFNS · 0.81

Compares with 8 papers

In Fig. [ref] we show the prompt-($ν_μ$ + $ν̅_μ$) flux as predicted in this contribution with its QCD uncertainties, in comparison with some other predictions: the GMS flux of Ref. [ref] , the PROSA flux of Ref. [ref] and the BERSS flux of Ref. [ref] .

Prompt neutrino fluxes in the atmosphere with PROSA parton distribution functions · Prompt-Neutrino Fluxes · 1.00
In Fig. [ref] we show the prompt-($ν_μ$ + $ν̅_μ$) flux as predicted in this contribution with its QCD uncertainties, in comparison with some other predictions: the GMS flux of Ref. [ref] , the PROSA flux of Ref. [ref] and the BERSS flux of Ref. [ref] .

Perturbative charm production and the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux in light of RHIC and LHC · Prompt-Neutrino Fluxes · 1.00
In Fig. [ref] we show the prompt-($ν_μ$ + $ν̅_μ$) flux as predicted in this contribution with its QCD uncertainties, in comparison with some other predictions: the GMS flux of Ref. [ref] , the PROSA flux of Ref. [ref] and the BERSS flux of Ref. [ref] .

Lepton fluxes from atmospheric charm revisited · Prompt-Neutrino Fluxes · 1.00

Cites as support 1 paper

This is expected, since, if the charm quark is produced in the forward region, it can recombine with parts of the target remnant to form the charmed meson, as already observed in Ref. [ref] .

Prompt atmospheric neutrino fluxes: perturbative QCD models and nuclear effects · QCD Input: Hadronic Cross Sections · 0.98

Cites as background 11 papers

In the zero-mass variable-flavor-number scheme (ZM-VFNS) [ref] , not only the light quarks, but also the heavy one are all considered massless and may appear in the initial state.

D^0, D^+, D_s^+, and Lambda_c^+ Fragmentation Functions from CERN LEP1 · GM-VFNS · 0.88
In the zero-mass variable-flavor-number scheme (ZM-VFNS) [ref] , not only the light quarks, but also the heavy one are all considered massless and may appear in the initial state.

Theoretical predictions for charm and bottom production at the LHC · GM-VFNS · 0.88
In the zero-mass variable-flavor-number scheme (ZM-VFNS) [ref] , not only the light quarks, but also the heavy one are all considered massless and may appear in the initial state.

Charmed-Hadron Fragmentation Functions from CERN LEP1 Revisited · GM-VFNS · 0.88

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