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Dynamics of junctions and the multi-tension velocity-dependent one-scale model
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Submitted 11 Dec 2018
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim Incorporating the averaged junction dynamics into the velocity-dependent one-scale model for multi-tension string networks, we improve the semi-analytic description and quantitative understanding of cosmic superstring network evolution.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
The dynamics of string junctions and their influence on the evolution of cosmic superstring networks are studied in full detail. We review kinematic constraints for colliding strings in a Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background and obtain the average distribution of possible string configurations after string collisions. The study of small-scale structure enables us to investigate the average growth/reduction rate of string junctions for a given cosmic string network. Incorporating the averaged junction dynamics into the velocity-dependent one-scale model for multi-tension string networks, we improve the semi-analytic description and quantitative understanding of cosmic superstring network evolution.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | The dynamics of string junctions and their influence on the evolution of cosmic superstring networks are studied in full detail. | contribution 0.96 | 0.86 | 0.09 | asserted 0.97 |
| s1 | We review kinematic constraints for colliding strings in a Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background and obtain the average distribution of possible string configurations after string collisions. | method 0.47 | 0.82 | 0.05 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | The study of small-scale structure enables us to investigate the average growth/reduction rate of string junctions for a given cosmic string network. | method 0.48 | 0.58 | 0.09 | asserted 0.95 |
| s3 | Incorporating the averaged junction dynamics into the velocity-dependent one-scale model for multi-tension string networks, we improve the semi-analytic description and quantitative understanding of cosmic superstring network evolution. | contribution 0.76 | 0.91 | 0.70 | asserted 1.00 |
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The paper
Original abstract
The dynamics of string junctions and their influence on the evolution of cosmic superstring networks are studied in full detail. We review kinematic constraints for colliding strings in a Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background and obtain the average distribution of possible string configurations after string collisions. The study of small-scale structure enables us to investigate the average growth/reduction rate of string junctions for a given cosmic string network. Incorporating the averaged junction dynamics into the velocity-dependent one-scale model for multi-tension string networks, we improve the semi-analytic description and quantitative understanding of cosmic superstring network evolution.
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How the literature uses it
5 arXiv papers cite this in 9 sentences
Papers citing it · 6 sentences without a confident label
Compares with it 1 paper
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Both the equal and unequal tension strings cases can be used to compare with semi-analytic modelling of multi-tension strings [ref] provided relevant assumptions (in terms of inter-commutation probabilities) are assumed.
Multitension strings in high-resolution U(1)$\times$U(1) simulations · Conclusions · 0.89
Cites it as background 2 papers
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In particular, this requires a comprehensive understanding of all possible additional degrees of freedom and structures, such as long-lasting currents [ref] , often dubbed superconducting—a nomenclature we prefer not to use here as it often refers to long-range electromagnetic effects—and Y-junctions [ref] , each of which can introduce deviations from the conventional cosmic string evolution paradigm [ref] .
Cosmic Microwave Background Signatures from Current-carrying Cosmic Strings · Introduction · 0.97
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For cosmic superstrings, in particular, there are additional uncertainties arising from approximations/assumptions in the computation of the self- and cross-string interaction parameters $c_i$ and $d^k_ij$ in the multi-tension VOS model, the impact of compactification choices for the extra dimensions, and other assumptions relating to the formation and evolution of string junctions (see for example [ref] ).
The stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic superstrings · Conclusions · 0.81
What it cites · 51 sentences without a confident label
Contests 1 paper
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We note that the result obtained in [ref] would not apply to the case of Minkowski space (for which it would give the clearly incorrect $χ_i=0$) while our result is also valid for that case.
Analytic Study of Small Scale Structure on Cosmic Strings · Correlation functions of ingoing components and small-scale structure · contest 0.87
Builds on 10 papers
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Our model of multi-tensional string network evolution with dynamical junctions evolving under the above assumptions can be written in the following way, as an extension of [ref] : [equation] where [equation] [equation] and the parameters $c_i$, $d^(n)$ model the probabilities of string interactions and will be defined below.
Velocity-Dependent Models for Non-Abelian/Entangled String Networks · VOS model for strings with dynamical junctions · 1.00
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This work directly builds on previous extensions of the VOS model [ref] for describing superstring networks, which can be found in [ref] .
Extending the Velocity-dependent One-scale String Evolution Model · Introduction · 0.90
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This work directly builds on previous extensions of the VOS model [ref] for describing superstring networks, which can be found in [ref] .
Scaling of Multi-Tension Cosmic Superstring Networks · Introduction · 0.90
Uses the method or tool of 9 papers
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For this purpose we integrate expressions ([ref]), ([ref]) over all possible velocities and angles in the network, taking into account the kinematic constraints arising from the Nambu-Goto action for three strings joining at a junction [ref] [equation] where $υ$ is the rms relative velocity of strings, $α_cr$ and $v_cr$ are the limits of integration in angles and velocities respectively, defining the region in angle-velocity space for which string collisions lead to junction formation (this region is generally non-trivial so $α_cr=α_cr(v_cr))$.
The effect of kinematic constraints on multi-tension string network evolution · VOS model for strings with dynamical junctions · 0.81
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For this purpose we integrate expressions ([ref]), ([ref]) over all possible velocities and angles in the network, taking into account the kinematic constraints arising from the Nambu-Goto action for three strings joining at a junction [ref] [equation] where $υ$ is the rms relative velocity of strings, $α_cr$ and $v_cr$ are the limits of integration in angles and velocities respectively, defining the region in angle-velocity space for which string collisions lead to junction formation (this region is generally non-trivial so $α_cr=α_cr(v_cr))$.
Scaling configurations of cosmic superstring networks and their cosmological implications · VOS model for strings with dynamical junctions · 0.81
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For this purpose we use the VOS type of model developed in [ref] .
Velocity-Dependent Models for Non-Abelian/Entangled String Networks · VOS model for strings with dynamical junctions · 0.97
Uses data or values from 1 paper
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Note that a large variance is allowed, $σ_v=0.5$ [ref] .
The effect of kinematic constraints on multi-tension string network evolution · VOS model for strings with dynamical junctions · 0.81
Compares with 5 papers
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Comparing ([ref]) with the corresponding result from [ref] , we see that due to including the loop production term and kinks, we have additional terms in $χ_i$.
Analytic Study of Small Scale Structure on Cosmic Strings · Correlation functions of ingoing components and small-scale structure · 0.99
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Comparing equation ([ref]) with the corresponding result for Minkowski space in [ref] , it is seen that the Lorentz factor $γ_υ^-1$ is substituted by the function $γ̃$, which approaches $γ_υ^-1$ when $n→0$, or when $τ=1$.
Collisions of strings with Y junctions · Collision of straight strings in expanding universe · 1.00
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It is interesting to compare the result obtained here with the previous approach in [ref] , where the energy exchange term was assumed to be $Δl_c^(n) = 1/2∑_ij |ϵ_nij| L_i L_j/L_i + L_j$.
Velocity-Dependent Models for Non-Abelian/Entangled String Networks · VOS model for strings with dynamical junctions · 1.00
Cites as background 21 papers
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In order to model the evolution of junctions in the string network we first review the description of small-scale structure found in [ref] .
Kinks and small-scale structure on cosmic strings · Introduction · 0.89
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In order to model the evolution of junctions in the string network we first review the description of small-scale structure found in [ref] .
Analytic Study of Small Scale Structure on Cosmic Strings · Introduction · 0.89
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For a discussion of the effect of these volume factors on network evolution see [ref] .
Scaling configurations of cosmic superstring networks and their cosmological implications · VOS model for strings with dynamical junctions · 0.95
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