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Kinetic theory for massive spin-1/2 particles from the Wigner-function formalism

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arxiv 1902.06513 v2 pith:FKIY3EGI submitted 2019-02-18 hep-ph

classification hep-ph
keywords fieldelectromagneticequationfluid-dynamicalfunctionhbarinhomogeneousleading
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abstract

We calculate the Wigner function for massive spin-1/2 particles in an inhomogeneous electromagnetic field to leading order in the Planck constant $\hbar$. Going beyond leading order in $\hbar$ we then derive a generalized Boltzmann equation in which the force exerted by an inhomogeneous electromagnetic field on the particle dipole moment arises naturally. Carefully taking the massless limit we find agreement with previous results. The case of global equilibrium with rotation is also studied. Finally, we outline the derivation of fluid-dynamical equations from the components of the Wigner function. The conservation of total angular momentum is promoted as an additional fluid-dynamical equation of motion. Our framework can be used to study polarization effects induced by vorticity and magnetic field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Local Spin Polarization in Anisotropic Gubser Flow: Suppression Mechanism and Formulation Dependence

    nucl-th 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In an anisotropic Gubser flow, the longitudinal spin polarization's sign depends on which shear formulation is used, and two popular formulations show exact or near-exact cancellation between vorticity and shear contr...

  2. Nonlinear causality and stability of perfect spin hydrodynamics and its nonperturbative character

    hep-ph 2025-11 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    All four studied formulations of perfect spin hydrodynamics satisfy divergence-type structure and are nonlinearly causal and stable when exact, nonperturbative distribution functions are used.

  3. Spin polarization of an expanding and rotating system

    nucl-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Derives closed equations for spin moments and a first-order longitudinal polarization formula for a boost-invariant, rotating relativistic fluid, connecting free streaming to hydrodynamics.

  4. Transverse and longitudinal spin alignment from color fields in heavy ion collisions

    nucl-th 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Spin alignment of phi mesons along the beam direction is predicted to exceed 1/3 for glasma fields and to show a sign-changing rapidity pattern for isotropic QGP color fields, offering a discriminating observable.

  5. Spin hydrodynamics

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    The paper proposes a hybrid perfect and dissipative spin hydrodynamics built on generalized tensor thermodynamic relations, but it contains no new derivation beyond the cited prior works.

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