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Dark Radiation and Superheavy Dark Matter from Black Hole Domination

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arxiv 1905.01301 v1 pith:XOGPQMZO submitted 2019-05-03 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords darkradiationblackearlymatteruniversedominatedhawking
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

If even a relatively small number of black holes were created in the early universe, they will constitute an increasingly large fraction of the total energy density as space expands. It is thus well-motivated to consider scenarios in which the early universe included an era in which primordial black holes dominated the total energy density. Within this context, we consider Hawking radiation as a mechanism to produce both dark radiation and dark matter. If the early universe included a black hole dominated era, we find that Hawking radiation will produce dark radiation at a level $\Delta N_{\rm eff} \sim 0.03-0.2$ for each light and decoupled species of spin 0, 1/2, or 1. This range is well suited to relax the tension between late and early-time Hubble determinations, and is within the reach of upcoming CMB experiments. The dark matter could also originate as Hawking radiation in a black hole dominated early universe, although such dark matter candidates must be very heavy ($m_{\rm DM} >10^{11}$ GeV) if they are to avoid exceeding the measured abundance.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. String Axiverse Enhancement of Superradiant Dark Matter Production

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    O(100-10^5) string axions enhance PBH superradiance efficiency via increased spin, expanding viable mass-spin regions for micro-boson star dark matter while too many axions cause overly rapid evaporation.

  2. Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Tensor perturbations from FOPT and domain-wall sources are claimed to induce second-order scalar perturbations large enough to form primordial black holes, potentially all of the dark matter.

  3. Multiple Populations of Same Sterile Neutrino as Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A single sterile neutrino species can be produced by multiple early-universe mechanisms, yielding cold and warm dark matter populations with a two-humped momentum spectrum.

  4. Setting up stasis with gravitational interactions

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    PBH evaporation can fill a decaying particle tower with Ω_l ∝ m_l^{+1} or m_l^{-1}, and CGPP with α = 0, 1/2, or 2, matching the conditions needed for cosmological stasis.

  5. Relativistic accretion and burdened primordial black holes

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Combining relativistic accretion with memory-burdened evaporation widens the parameter space for primordial black holes as dark matter and changes dark matter and dark radiation emission predictions.

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