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From 'F' to 'A' on the N.Y. Regents Science Exams: An Overview of the Aristo Project

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arxiv 1909.01958 v3 pith:R2NGLJMH submitted 2019-09-04 cs.CL cs.AI

classification cs.CLcs.AI
keywords scienceexamgradequestionssystemtestachievedaristo
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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AI has achieved remarkable mastery over games such as Chess, Go, and Poker, and even Jeopardy, but the rich variety of standardized exams has remained a landmark challenge. Even in 2016, the best AI system achieved merely 59.3% on an 8th Grade science exam challenge. This paper reports unprecedented success on the Grade 8 New York Regents Science Exam, where for the first time a system scores more than 90% on the exam's non-diagram, multiple choice (NDMC) questions. In addition, our Aristo system, building upon the success of recent language models, exceeded 83% on the corresponding Grade 12 Science Exam NDMC questions. The results, on unseen test questions, are robust across different test years and different variations of this kind of test. They demonstrate that modern NLP methods can result in mastery on this task. While not a full solution to general question-answering (the questions are multiple choice, and the domain is restricted to 8th Grade science), it represents a significant milestone for the field.

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    Smaller language models can generalize to unseen compositional questions when trained and evaluated with retrieval-augmented contexts, and combining Wikipedia retrieval with LLM-generated rationales improves accuracy.

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