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Observations of the Lyman-α Universe

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arxiv 2012.07960 v1 pith:QDXYDF7C submitted 2020-12-14 astro-ph.GA astro-ph.CO

Observations of the Lyman-α Universe

classification astro-ph.GA astro-ph.CO
keywords alphaemissiongalaxieshalohigh-hydrogenodotreionization
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Hydrogen Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) emission has been one of the major observational probes for the high redshift universe, since the first discoveries of high-$z$ Ly$\alpha$ emitting galaxies in the late 1990s. Due to the strong Ly$\alpha$ emission originated by resonant scattering and recombination of the most-abundant element, Ly$\alpha$ observations witness not only HII regions of star formation and AGN but also diffuse HI gas in the circum-galactic medium (CGM) and the inter-galactic medium (IGM). Here we review Ly$\alpha$ sources, and present theoretical interpretations reached to date. We conclude that: 1) A typical Ly$\alpha$ emitter (LAE) at $z\gtrsim 2$ with a $L^*$ Ly$\alpha$ luminosity is a high-$z$ counterpart of a local dwarf galaxy, a compact metal-poor star-forming galaxy (SFG) with an approximate stellar (halo) mass and star-formation rate of $10^{8-9} M_\odot$ ($10^{10-11} M_\odot$) and $1-10 M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, respectively; 2) High-$z$ SFGs ubiquitously have a diffuse Ly$\alpha$ emitting halo in the CGM extending to the halo virial radius and beyond; 3) Remaining neutral hydrogen at the epoch of reionization makes a strong dimming of Ly$\alpha$ emission for galaxies at $z>6$ that suggest the late reionization history. The next generation large telescope projects will combine Ly$\alpha$ emission data with HI Ly$\alpha$ absorptions and 21cm radio data that map out the majority of hydrogen (HI+HII) gas, uncovering the exchanges of i) matter by outflow/inflow and ii) radiation, relevant to cosmic reionization, between galaxies and the CGM/IGM.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Lyman-alpha haloes in the aftermath of reionisation

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 accept novelty 7.0

    Lyα haloes around low-luminosity LAEs at z≥6 have exponential scale lengths ~3× smaller than at z~3 under matched intrinsic surface-brightness sensitivity, with stacks of non-detections showing no extended emission at high-z.

  2. Subaru meets JWST: A Direct Measurement of Ly$\boldsymbol{\alpha}$ Escape Fraction at $\boldsymbol{z\simeq6.2}$ with Dual Narrow-Band Imaging

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5

    Completeness-weighted stacking of 56 HAEs at z≃6.2 gives median f_esc^Lyα = 0.106^{+0.066}_{-0.044} with no strong Hα-luminosity dependence and UV-linked galaxy-to-galaxy trends.

  3. Force convergence in Monte Carlo Lyman-alpha radiative transfer

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0

    A moment-based hierarchy (zeroth, first, second order) diagnoses convergence of Lyman-alpha MCRT momentum-transfer estimators, showing that core-skipping biases internal forces and that statistical precision, cost, an...

  4. The 3D clustering of Lyman Alpha Emitters measured with DESI

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    DESI LAE clustering measurements give a linear bias of 2.31-2.62 with constraints on radiative transfer effects and halo occupation from correlation functions and power spectra.

  5. MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST) Science White Paper I: Overview of Large-Scale Structure Cosmology in the Era of Stage-V Spectroscopic Surveys

    astro-ph.CO 2024-11 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    MUST is a planned 6.5m Stage-V spectroscopic survey telescope targeting 100M+ galaxies and quasars to z~5.5 for large-scale structure cosmology studies.