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Framing energetic top-quark pair production at the LHC
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 15 Jan 2021
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim At leading order, the top and anti-top are produced in a back-to-back topology, however this topology accounts only for a minority of $t \bar t$ events with TeV-scale momentum transfer.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
Top-quark pair production is central to many facets of LHC physics. At leading order, the top and anti-top are produced in a back-to-back topology, however this topology accounts only for a minority of $t \bar t$ events with TeV-scale momentum transfer. The remaining events instead involve the splitting of an initial or final-state gluon to $t \bar t$. We provide simple quantitative arguments that explain why this is the case and examine the interplay between different topologies and a range of variables that characterise the event hardness. We then develop a method to classify the topologies of individual events and use it to illustrate our findings in the context of simulated events, using both top partons and suitably defined fiducial tops. For events with large $t \bar t$ invariant mass, we comment on additional features that have important experimental and theoretical implications.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Top-quark pair production is central to many facets of LHC physics. | background 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | At leading order, the top and anti-top are produced in a back-to-back topology, however this topology accounts only for a minority of $t \bar t$ events with TeV-scale momentum transfer. | background 0.91 | 0.17 | 0.10 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | The remaining events instead involve the splitting of an initial or final-state gluon to $t \bar t$. | background 0.95 | 0.09 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | We provide simple quantitative arguments that explain why this is the case and examine the interplay between different topologies and a range of variables that characterise the event hardness. | contribution 0.99 | 0.95 | 0.22 | asserted 0.97 |
| s4 | We then develop a method to classify the topologies of individual events and use it to illustrate our findings in the context of simulated events, using both top partons and suitably defined fiducial tops. | method 0.84 | 0.96 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | For events with large $t \bar t$ invariant mass, we comment on additional features that have important experimental and theoretical implications. | interpretation 0.84 | 0.80 | 0.11 | asserted 0.51 |
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The paper
Original abstract
Top-quark pair production is central to many facets of LHC physics. At leading order, the top and anti-top are produced in a back-to-back topology, however this topology accounts only for a minority of $t \bar t$ events with TeV-scale momentum transfer. The remaining events instead involve the splitting of an initial or final-state gluon to $t \bar t$. We provide simple quantitative arguments that explain why this is the case and examine the interplay between different topologies and a range of variables that characterise the event hardness. We then develop a method to classify the topologies of individual events and use it to illustrate our findings in the context of simulated events, using both top partons and suitably defined fiducial tops. For events with large $t \bar t$ invariant mass, we comment on additional features that have important experimental and theoretical implications.
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How the literature uses it
2 arXiv papers cite this in 2 sentences
What it cites · 51 sentences without a confident label
Uses the method or tool of 12 papers
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We will consider events at a $pp$ centre-of-mass energy of $√(s)=13$, simulated with the process [ref] of POWHEG Box v2 [ref] , revision 3660, using the PDF set [ref] via LHAPDF [ref] , and a top mass of $173$, interfaced to Pythia 8.240 [ref] , Monash13 tune [ref] , with multiple interactions turned off.
PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II · Results · 1.00
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We will consider events at a $pp$ centre-of-mass energy of $√(s)=13$, simulated with the process [ref] of POWHEG Box v2 [ref] , revision 3660, using the PDF set [ref] via LHAPDF [ref] , and a top mass of $173$, interfaced to Pythia 8.240 [ref] , Monash13 tune [ref] , with multiple interactions turned off.
An Introduction to PYTHIA 8.2 · Results · 1.00
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We will consider events at a $pp$ centre-of-mass energy of $√(s)=13$, simulated with the process [ref] of POWHEG Box v2 [ref] , revision 3660, using the PDF set [ref] via LHAPDF [ref] , and a top mass of $173$, interfaced to Pythia 8.240 [ref] , Monash13 tune [ref] , with multiple interactions turned off.
LHAPDF6: parton density access in the LHC precision era · Results · 1.00
Uses data or values from 1 paper
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We are grateful to the authors of Ref. [ref] for supplying us with the MiNNLO event sample that we used for cross-checks in Appendix [ref], to Pier Monni, Paolo Nason and Giulia Zanderighi for comments on the manuscript and to Lucian Harland-Lang and Gregory Soyez for helpful discussions.
Next-to-next-to-leading order event generation for top-quark pair production · Acknowledgements · 0.80
Compares with 1 paper
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For observables and topologies that start only at NLO ($^3$), we have cross-checked the results against the NLO calculation for $+ jet$ (i.e. up to $^4$) in its POWHEG implementation [ref] and found good agreement.
Hadronic top-quark pair-production with one jet and parton showering · Results · 0.98
Cites as support 2 papers
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This is the reason why one should be wary of using $m_$ as a renormalisation and factorisation scale for calculating the $m_$ distribution, and would expect the use of $μ=m_$ to lead to poor stability, as observed in Ref. [ref] .[Similar considerations apply to the measurement of the running top-quark mass as a function of $m_$ [ref] .
Dynamical scales for multi-TeV top-pair production at the LHC · Event hardness variables and their leading-order behaviour · 0.98
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This is the reason why one should be wary of using $m_$ as a renormalisation and factorisation scale for calculating the $m_$ distribution, and would expect the use of $μ=m_$ to lead to poor stability, as observed in Ref. [ref] .[Similar considerations apply to the measurement of the running top-quark mass as a function of $m_$ [ref] .
Running of the top quark mass from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV · Event hardness variables and their leading-order behaviour · 0.98
Cites as background 19 papers
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One consideration that we have not explored in any depth is that of enhancements of perturbative contributions by logarithms of the hardness scale divided by the top mass (e.g.FONLL [ref] , BFKL in both $t$-channel quark [ref] and gluon exchange [ref] , BFKL in EW exchange [ref] , double logarithms [ref] and BFKL logarithms [ref] in final state fragmentation, and double-log small-$x$ non-singlet enhancements [ref] ).
The p_T Spectrum in Heavy-Flavour Hadroproduction · Conclusions · 0.96
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One consideration that we have not explored in any depth is that of enhancements of perturbative contributions by logarithms of the hardness scale divided by the top mass (e.g.FONLL [ref] , BFKL in both $t$-channel quark [ref] and gluon exchange [ref] , BFKL in EW exchange [ref] , double logarithms [ref] and BFKL logarithms [ref] in final state fragmentation, and double-log small-$x$ non-singlet enhancements [ref] ).
The BMS Equation and c\bar{c} Production; A Comparison of the BMS and BK Equations · Conclusions · 0.96
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One consideration that we have not explored in any depth is that of enhancements of perturbative contributions by logarithms of the hardness scale divided by the top mass (e.g.FONLL [ref] , BFKL in both $t$-channel quark [ref] and gluon exchange [ref] , BFKL in EW exchange [ref] , double logarithms [ref] and BFKL logarithms [ref] in final state fragmentation, and double-log small-$x$ non-singlet enhancements [ref] ).
Top production at large p_t at NLO+NLL accuracy · Conclusions · 0.96
Discussion
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