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Gravitational wave signatures of black hole quasi-normal mode instability

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arxiv 2105.03451 v3 pith:6O2ZWQ4D submitted 2021-05-07 gr-qc

classification gr-qc
keywords instabilityanalysisapproachblackdatadetectiongravitationalhole
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Black hole (BH) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful approach to extract spacetime information from gravitational wave (GW) observed signals. Yet, quasinormal mode (QNM) spectral instability under high wave-number perturbations has been recently shown to be a common classical general relativistic phenomenon [1]. This requires to assess its impact on the BH QNM spectrum, in particular on BH QNM overtone frequencies. We conclude: i) perturbed BH QNM overtones are indeed potentially observable in the GW waveform, providing information on small-scale environment BH physics, and ii) their detection poses a challenging data analysis problem of singular interest for LISA astrophysics. We adopt a two-fold approach, combining theoretical results from scattering theory with a fine-tuned data analysis on a highly-accurate numerical GW ringdown signal. The former introduces a set of effective parameters (partially lying on a BH Weyl law) to characterise QNM instability physics. The latter provides a proof-of-principle demonstrating that the QNM spectral instability is indeed accessible in the time-domain GW waveform, though certainly requiring large signal-to-noise ratios. Particular attention is devoted to discuss the patterns of isospectrality loss under QNM instability, since the disentanglement between axial and polar GW parities may already occur within the near-future detection range.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Dynamical system approach to the spectral (in)stability of black holes under localised potential perturbations

    gr-qc 2026-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Black-hole resonances migrate along complex-plane flow lines toward hard-wall attractors, and repellers near the unperturbed modes explain why perturbation theory fails so early.

  2. Waveform stability of black hole ringdown with stochastic horizon structure

    gr-qc 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Ringdown waveforms are robust against small-scale stochastic horizon fluctuations; only coherent, macroscopic horizon structure with ε≳10^-4 and L_c∼M could produce observable deviations.

  3. Exceptional Lines and Excitation of (Nearly) Double-Pole Quasinormal Modes: A Semi-Analytic Study in the Nariai Black Hole

    gr-qc 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In the near-Nariai limit of rotating de Sitter black holes, massive scalar perturbations have a continuous curve of exceptional points where prograde and retrograde quasinormal modes merge, and the resulting double-po...

  4. Spectral instability of parametrized black hole quasinormal modes in the high-overtone limit via the exact WKB analysis

    gr-qc 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Constant 1/r⁴-or-higher parametrized corrections to the Regge–Wheeler potential drive the real part of high-overtone QNM frequencies to diverge (e.g., like N^{1/5}), unlike Schwarzschild.

  5. Spectrum instability and greybody factor stability for parabolic approximation of Regge-Wheeler potential

    gr-qc 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Replacing the Regge-Wheeler potential by piecewise parabolas makes quasinormal-mode spectra unstable, with long-lived overtones, while greybody factors stay close to the exact Schwarzschild result.

  6. Exceptional line and pseudospectrum in black hole spectroscopy

    gr-qc 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A continuous line of exceptional points exists in the three-parameter space of a Gaussian-bump-perturbed Regge-Wheeler potential, with pseudospectral contour sizes scaling as ε^{1/2} at second-order EPs.

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