Is light thermal scalar dark matter possible?

Shinya Kanemura; Taisuke Katayose; Tomoya Hara

RECORD

Is light thermal scalar dark matter possible?

Tomoya Hara, Shinya Kanemura, Taisuke Katayose

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 8 Sep 2021

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim However, we find that two parameter regions still remain, which are the resonant annihilation region and the forbidden annihilation region.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

Comment (0) Read on arXiv ↗

Cite ▾

Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Open the compiled record

Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 4,928 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.28 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.03 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.24 · compares with prior results 0.44 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

We study a light thermal scalar dark matter (DM) model with a light scalar mediator mixed with the standard model Higgs boson, including both the theoretical bounds and the current experimental constraints. The thermal scalar DM with the mass below a few GeV is usually strongly constrained by the observation of CMB and/or indirect detection experiments because the leading annihilation mode is S-wave. However, we find that two parameter regions still remain, which are the resonant annihilation region and the forbidden annihilation region. For the both cases, higher partial waves dominantly contribute to the annihilation at the freeze-out era, and the constraint from the cosmological observation is weaker. We consider typical cases of these regions quantitatively, mainly focusing on the mixing angle and the mass of the new particles. Finally, we also discuss the testability of this model at future experiments.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We study a light thermal scalar dark matter (DM) model with a light scalar mediator mixed with the standard model Higgs boson, including both the theoretical bounds and the current experimental constraints.	contribution 1.00	0.91	0.07	asserted 0.74
s1	The thermal scalar DM with the mass below a few GeV is usually strongly constrained by the observation of CMB and/or indirect detection experiments because the leading annihilation mode is S-wave.	background 1.00	0.07	0.04	asserted 0.97
s2	However, we find that two parameter regions still remain, which are the resonant annihilation region and the forbidden annihilation region.	result 1.00	0.95	0.61	asserted 1.00
s3	For the both cases, higher partial waves dominantly contribute to the annihilation at the freeze-out era, and the constraint from the cosmological observation is weaker.	interpretation 0.51	0.74	0.37	asserted 1.00
s4	We consider typical cases of these regions quantitatively, mainly focusing on the mixing angle and the mass of the new particles.	contribution 0.57	0.91	0.04	asserted 0.75
s5	Finally, we also discuss the testability of this model at future experiments.	future work 0.80	0.77	0.05	unclear 0.74

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.45.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read

arXiv listing abstract v2

not examined

full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

levels run

P abstract

not run

S sections
T body sentences
C citations
R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

We study a light thermal scalar dark matter (DM) model with a light scalar mediator mixed with the standard model Higgs boson, including both the theoretical bounds and the current experimental constraints. The thermal scalar DM with the mass below a few GeV is usually strongly constrained by the observation of CMB and/or indirect detection experiments because the leading annihilation mode is S-wave. However, we find that two parameter regions still remain, which are the resonant annihilation region and the forbidden annihilation region. For the both cases, higher partial waves dominantly contribute to the annihilation at the freeze-out era, and the constraint from the cosmological observation is weaker. We consider typical cases of these regions quantitatively, mainly focusing on the mixing angle and the mass of the new particles. Finally, we also discuss the testability of this model at future experiments.

Human review

How Pith checks papers → · Full audit of this paper →

How the literature uses it

6 arXiv papers cite this in 10 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 6 sentences without a confident label

Compares with it 1 paper

Similar to the results in [ref] , we have found that scattering collisions are subleading in comparison to the decay process by several orders of magnitude, although our constraint is stronger in comparison to what is found in [ref] .

(sub)GeV Dark Matter in the $U(1)_X$ Higgs Portal Model · Vector DM thermalization · 0.97

Cites it as background 1 paper

Beyond $s$-wave annihilation, several mechanisms can simultaneously meet CMB constraints and yield the correct relic abundance, such as $p$-wave DM annihilation [ref] , forbidden DM mechanisms [ref] , self-interaction DM [ref] , and other alternatives [ref] .

Light Thermal Dark Matter Beyond $p$-Wave Annihilation in Minimal Higgs Portal Model · Introduction · 0.80

What it cites · 66 sentences without a confident label

Uses data or values from 18 papers

The most accurate observation of the relic abundance is given by the Planck collaboration [ref] from the observation of the fluctuation of the CMB, which is [equation]

Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters · Relic abundance condition · 0.99
The ATLAS collaboration [ref] gives a constraint on the Higgs invisible decay as $ℬ(h→inv)<0.13$.

Search for invisible Higgs boson decays in vector boson fusion at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector · Higgs boson decay · 0.95
We show the constraint on mixing angle as the function of $m_H$ in Fig. [ref], and the structure seen around $m_H=0.1`- 0.2$ GeV is due to the background process $K^+ →π^+ π^0$. 2) Visible decay region The NA62 collaboration [ref] also gives the constraint on the process $K^+→π^+ H$ for the visible decay region with almost same magnitude as invisible decay region.

Search for $\pi^0$ decays to invisible particles · $K$ meson decay · 0.91

Cites as background 1 paper

The theory of the Big Bang nucleosynthesis is well established and the prediction of the fraction ratio of $^1$H, $^2$H, $^3$He and $^4$He matches with the cosmological observations [ref] .

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: 2015 · Constraint from BBN · 0.93

Discussion

Know something about this paper? Leave a comment, or highlight any passage above to comment on it.