Pith. sign in

REVIEW 4 cited by

Nonperturbative effects in the Standard Model with gauged 1-form symmetry

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2110.02981 v2 pith:AM7HX7LG submitted 2021-10-06 hep-th hep-lathep-ph

classification hep-thhep-lathep-ph
keywords mathbbformgaugedmodelsizestandardsymmetrytimes
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
0 comments
abstract

We study the Standard Model with gauged $\mathbb Z_{N=2,3,6}^{(1)}$ subgroups of its $\mathbb Z_6^{(1)}$ 1-form global symmetry, making the gauge group $SU(3) \times SU(2)\times U(1) \over \mathbb Z_N$. We show that, on a finite $\mathbb T^3$, there are self-dual instantons of fractional topological charge. They mediate baryon- and lepton-number violating processes. We compare their amplitudes to the ones due to the usual BPST-instantons. We find that the small hypercharge coupling suppresses the fractional-instanton contribution, unless the torus size is taken sub-Planckian, or extra matter is added above the weak scale. We also discuss these results in light of the cosmological bounds on the torus size.

Discussion (0). Sign in to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. When CP requires $\bar\theta=0$, not $\bar\theta=\pi$

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    CP alone allows the QCD theta angle to be 0 or pi; choosing a gauge group with enlarged theta periodicity forces CP to select 0, eliminating the excluded pi value.

  2. Symmetry theta angles and topological Witten effects

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Symmetry theta angles are intrinsic, Lagrangian-independent parameters of any non-anomalous Abelian invertible symmetry, and their universal effect is a topological Witten effect that shuffles twisted sectors while pr...

  3. Phenomenology of Fractionally Charged Particles: Two Reps Are Better Than One

    hep-ph 2025-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    Adding a second fractionally charged particle can weaken existing LHC bounds on the heavy partner by factors of a few while boosting production of the light partner by up to three orders of magnitude, motivating new i...

  4. Charge quantisation, monopoles and emergent symmetry in the Standard Model and its embeddings

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The paper maps the global structure of the Standard Model gauge group to 1-form symmetries, derives the allowed electric and magnetic charge lattices for each candidate group, and presents a new anomaly-free model rea...

Pith tools