CoviChain: A Blockchain Based COVID-19 Vaccination Passport

Hitesh Tewari; Michael Clear; Philip Bradish; Sarang Chaudhari

RECORD

CoviChain: A Blockchain Based COVID-19 Vaccination Passport

Philip Bradish, Sarang Chaudhari, Michael Clear, Hitesh Tewari

Cryptography and Security · Submitted 2 Dec 2021

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Our proposed system allows for the safe reopening of society, while maintaining the privacy of citizens.

how it is stated · asserted 0.87 read the record →

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arXiv ID2112.01097 (version 5)

Pith IDRGZGZZGT, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review

CitationHitesh Tewari, Michael Clear, Philip Bradish, Sarang Chaudhari. "CoviChain: A Blockchain Based COVID-19 Vaccination Passport." arXiv:2112.01097 (2021). https://pith.science/paper/RGZGZZGT

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The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 4,339 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.05 · states limitation 0.09 · human participants 0.26 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.04 · compares with prior results 0.06 · mentions code or data availability 0.04.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v5. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

Vaccination passports are being issued by governments around the world in order to open up their travel and hospitality sectors. Civil liberty campaigners on the other hand argue that such mandatory instruments encroach upon our fundamental right to anonymity, freedom of movement, and are a backdoor to issuing "identity documents" to citizens by their governments. In this paper we present a privacy-preserving framework that uses two-factor authentication to create a unique identifier that can be used to locate a person's vaccination record on a blockchain, but does not store any personal information about them. Our main contribution is the employment of a locality sensitive hashing algorithm over an iris extraction technique, that can be used to authenticate users and anonymously locate vaccination records on the blockchain, without leaking any personally identifiable information to the blockchain. Our proposed system allows for the safe reopening of society, while maintaining the privacy of citizens.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	Vaccination passports are being issued by governments around the world in order to open up their travel and hospitality sectors.	background 1.00	0.04	0.02	asserted 1.00
s1	Civil liberty campaigners on the other hand argue that such mandatory instruments encroach upon our fundamental right to anonymity, freedom of movement, and are a backdoor to issuing "identity documents" to citizens by their governments.	background 1.00	0.03	0.02	asserted 0.97
s2	In this paper we present a privacy-preserving framework that uses two-factor authentication to create a unique identifier that can be used to locate a person's vaccination record on a blockchain, but does not store any personal information about them.	contribution 0.70	0.82	0.14	asserted 1.00
s3	Our main contribution is the employment of a locality sensitive hashing algorithm over an iris extraction technique, that can be used to authenticate users and anonymously locate vaccination records on the blockchain, without leaking any personally identifiable information to the blockchain.	contribution 0.98	0.86	0.39	asserted 0.77
s4	Our proposed system allows for the safe reopening of society, while maintaining the privacy of citizens.	interpretation 0.98	0.41	0.67	asserted 0.87

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: method or tool 1.00 · evidence from argument 0.95.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read

arXiv listing abstract v5

not examined

full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

levels run

P abstract

not run

S sections
T body sentences
C citations
R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

Vaccination passports are being issued by governments around the world in order to open up their travel and hospitality sectors. Civil liberty campaigners on the other hand argue that such mandatory instruments encroach upon our fundamental right to anonymity, freedom of movement, and are a backdoor to issuing "identity documents" to citizens by their governments. In this paper we present a privacy-preserving framework that uses two-factor authentication to create a unique identifier that can be used to locate a person's vaccination record on a blockchain, but does not store any personal information about them. Our main contribution is the employment of a locality sensitive hashing algorithm over an iris extraction technique, that can be used to authenticate users and anonymously locate vaccination records on the blockchain, without leaking any personally identifiable information to the blockchain. Our proposed system allows for the safe reopening of society, while maintaining the privacy of citizens.

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