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Constraining ultralight bosonic dark matter with Keck observations of S2's orbit and kinematics

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arxiv 2205.04970 v2 pith:5X55G7MQ submitted 2022-05-10 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.COastro-ph.SRgr-qchep-ph

classification astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.SRgr-qchep-ph
keywords cloudmasscouplingmatterscalardarkextendedaround
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Ultralight bosonic dark matter is expected to be able to form a cloud surrounding the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in the Galactic center. With increasing precision of the observations of the stellar kinematics around the SMBH, tiny effects from such a dark matter cloud, including its gravitational perturbation and the direct coupling with the ordinary matter may be detectable. In this work, we search for possible evidence of the scalar cloud using accurate orbital measurements of the S2 star around Sgr~A*. We solve the first order Post-Newtonian equation, considering simultaneously the extended mass distribution of the scalar cloud and the frequency shift induced by the additional coupling via Higgs portal or photon portal interaction. Furthermore, we also investigate the impact of an astrophysical power-law component from the gas and stellar remnants. We find that the astrometric and spectroscopic data of the S2 star are well consistent with the scenario of a point-like mass of Sgr~A*. We thus derive upper limits of the coupling of the new interaction and the extended mass, with and without the contribution from the astrophysical component. The limits of the Higgs/photon coupling and the extended mass of the scalar cloud are the most stringent ones for the scalar mass window between $3.2\times 10^{-19}$~eV and $1.6\times 10^{-18}$~eV.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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