Exploiting Semantic Communication for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access

Xidong Mu; Yuanwei Liu

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Exploiting Semantic Communication for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access

Xidong Mu, Yuanwei Liu

Information Theory · Submitted 13 Sep 2022

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Numerical results show that the proposed opportunistic scheme in both scenarios can achieve higher communication performance for NOMA than the baseline schemes merely employing SemCom or BitCom.

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.11 · states limitation 0.53 · human participants 0.02 · controlled comparison 0.97 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.12 · compares with prior results 0.97 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

A novel semantics-empowered two-user uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) framework is proposed for resource efficiency enhancement. More particularly, a secondary far user (F-user) employs the semantic communication (SemCom) while a primary near user (N-user) employs the conventional bit-based communication (BitCom). The fundamental performance limit, namely semantic-versus-bit (SvB) rate region, of the proposed semantics-empowered NOMA framework is characterized. The equivalent SvB rate region achieved by the conventional BitCom-based NOMA is provided as the baseline scheme. It unveils that, compared to BitCom, SemCom can significantly improve the F-user's performance when its permitted transmit power is strictly capped, but may perform worse when its permitted transmit power is high. Guided by this result, the proposed semantics-empowered NOMA framework is investigated over fading channels. An opportunistic SemCom and BitCom scheme is proposed, which enables the secondary F-user to participate in NOMA via the most suitable communication method at each fading state, thus striking a good tradeoff between its own achieved performance and the interference imposed to the primary N-user. Two scenarios are considered for employing the opportunistic scheme, namely on-off resource management and continuous resource management. For each scenario, the optimal communication policy over fading channels is derived for maximizing the ergodic semantic rate achieved at the secondary F-user, subject to the minimum ergodic bit rate constraint of the primary N-user. Numerical results show that the proposed opportunistic scheme in both scenarios can achieve higher communication performance for NOMA than the baseline schemes merely employing SemCom or BitCom.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	A novel semantics-empowered two-user uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) framework is proposed for resource efficiency enhancement.	contribution 1.00	0.90	0.07	asserted 0.99
s1	More particularly, a secondary far user (F-user) employs the semantic communication (SemCom) while a primary near user (N-user) employs the conventional bit-based communication (BitCom).	method 0.73	0.63	0.03	asserted 1.00
s2	The fundamental performance limit, namely semantic-versus-bit (SvB) rate region, of the proposed semantics-empowered NOMA framework is characterized.	contribution 0.93	0.92	0.05	asserted 0.99
s3	The equivalent SvB rate region achieved by the conventional BitCom-based NOMA is provided as the baseline scheme.	contribution 0.52	0.82	0.03	asserted 0.98
s4	It unveils that, compared to BitCom, SemCom can significantly improve the F-user's performance when its permitted transmit power is strictly capped, but may perform worse when its permitted transmit power is high.	result 0.92	0.87	0.39	asserted 0.58
s5	Guided by this result, the proposed semantics-empowered NOMA framework is investigated over fading channels.	contribution 0.58	0.81	0.05	asserted 0.90
s6	An opportunistic SemCom and BitCom scheme is proposed, which enables the secondary F-user to participate in NOMA via the most suitable communication method at each fading state, thus striking a good tradeoff between its own achieved performance and the interference imposed to the primary N-user.	method 0.61	0.91	0.21	asserted 0.97
s7	Two scenarios are considered for employing the opportunistic scheme, namely on-off resource management and continuous resource management.	method 0.87	0.81	0.03	asserted 0.96
s8	For each scenario, the optimal communication policy over fading channels is derived for maximizing the ergodic semantic rate achieved at the secondary F-user, subject to the minimum ergodic bit rate constraint of the primary N-user.	method 0.80	0.95	0.08	asserted 0.95
s9	Numerical results show that the proposed opportunistic scheme in both scenarios can achieve higher communication performance for NOMA than the baseline schemes merely employing SemCom or BitCom.	result 1.00	0.95	0.65	asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: method or tool 0.97 · evidence from simulation or computation 0.77.

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The paper

Original abstract

A novel semantics-empowered two-user uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) framework is proposed for resource efficiency enhancement. More particularly, a secondary far user (F-user) employs the semantic communication (SemCom) while a primary near user (N-user) employs the conventional bit-based communication (BitCom). The fundamental performance limit, namely semantic-versus-bit (SvB) rate region, of the proposed semantics-empowered NOMA framework is characterized. The equivalent SvB rate region achieved by the conventional BitCom-based NOMA is provided as the baseline scheme. It unveils that, compared to BitCom, SemCom can significantly improve the F-user's performance when its permitted transmit power is strictly capped, but may perform worse when its permitted transmit power is high. Guided by this result, the proposed semantics-empowered NOMA framework is investigated over fading channels. An opportunistic SemCom and BitCom scheme is proposed, which enables the secondary F-user to participate in NOMA via the most suitable communication method at each fading state, thus striking a good tradeoff between its own achieved performance and the interference imposed to the primary N-user. Two scenarios are considered for employing the opportunistic scheme, namely on-off resource management and continuous resource management. For each scenario, the optimal communication policy over fading channels is derived for maximizing the ergodic semantic rate achieved at the secondary F-user, subject to the minimum ergodic bit rate constraint of the primary N-user. Numerical results show that the proposed opportunistic scheme in both scenarios can achieve higher communication performance for NOMA than the baseline schemes merely employing SemCom or BitCom.

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3 arXiv papers cite this in 8 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 5 sentences without a confident label

Builds on it 1 paper

Starting from the research question of [ref] and [ref] , we investigate a novel scenario, in which a GO and a DO communication system coexist, thus focusing on GO, rather than semantic, communication.

6G goal-oriented communications: How to coexist with legacy systems? · Related work · 0.98

Compares with it 1 paper

Differently from [ref] and [ref] , whose focus is on semantic communication and ergodic (semantic) rate, and where a single base station serves users with bit and semantic streams, we rather focus on goal-oriented communication and resource allocation in connect-compute networks, in which a goal-oriented (GO) and a data-oriented communication (DO) system coexist.

6G goal-oriented communications: How to coexist with legacy systems? · Our contribution · 0.93

What it cites · 1 sentence without a confident label

Uses the method or tool of 1 paper

For a given $K$, $ε(K,γ)$ is approximated by a generalized logistic function as follows [ref] : [equation] where $A_K,1>0$ and $A_K,2>0$ denote the lower (left) asymptote and the upper (right) asymptote, respectively, $C_K,1>0$ denotes the logistic growth rate, and $C_K,2$ controls the logistic mid-point for different $K$.

Heterogeneous Semantic and Bit Communications: A Semi-NOMA Scheme · Achieved semantic rate at the F-user · 0.93

Uses data or values from 1 paper

According to the results presented in [ref] , $ε_K( γ_f )=0.5$ when $K=4$, i.e., $s_0=1/8$ for SemCom.

Heterogeneous Semantic and Bit Communications: A Semi-NOMA Scheme · SemCom v.s. BitCom · 1.00

Cites as support 1 paper

Existing research contributions reveals that SemCom is promising to be used when the SNR is low and/or the available wireless resource is limited [ref] .

Semantic Communications: Principles and Challenges · Motivations and Contributions · 0.97

Cites as background 2 papers

The main idea of SemCom is to only transmit the key information, that are able to deliver the desired meaning/actions/goals to the destination, and safely remove the information irrelevant to the specific task without causing any performance degradation [ref] .

Semantic Communications: Principles and Challenges · Introduction · 0.86
Semantic communication (SemCom) has received significant attention in recent years and is regarded as a promising technology in future wireless networks [ref] .

Beyond Transmitting Bits: Context, Semantics, and Task-Oriented Communications · Introduction · 0.81

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