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Changing-look Active Galactic Nuclei

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arxiv 2211.05132 v1 pith:X762ZGTP submitted 2022-11-09 astro-ph.GA astro-ph.COastro-ph.HE

classification astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
keywords changing-lookactivechangesclassesemissionfluxgalacticnuclei
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are known to show flux variability over all observable timescales and across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Over the past decade, a growing number of sources have been observed to show dramatic flux and spectral changes, both in the X-rays and in the optical/UV. Such events, commonly described as "changing-look AGN", can be divided into two well-defined classes. Changing-obscuration objects show strong variability of the line-of-sight column density, mostly associated with clouds or outflows eclipsing the central engine of the AGN. Changing-state AGN are instead objects in which the continuum emission and broad emission lines appear or disappear, and are typically triggered by strong changes in the accretion rate of the supermassive black hole. Here we review our current understanding of these two classes of changing-look AGN, and discuss open questions and future prospects.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. OpenAlex reports about 21 citations worldwide. Full citation record

  1. AT2025agpz in Rubin commissioning data: distinguishing a luminous interacting supernova from nuclear transients in compact galaxies

    astro-ph.HE 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    AT2025agpz, a long-rising luminous transient at z=0.147 in a dwarf galaxy nucleus, is best explained as an interacting superluminous supernova rather than a nuclear transient.

  2. Where did all the Little Red Dots go? The abundance of LRD analogues among objects with broad lines at $z < 0.35$

    astro-ph.GA 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Only 0.08% of low-redshift broad-line objects have SEDs resembling high-redshift Little Red Dots, yielding nine candidates, one of which is the known analogue 'The Egg'.

  3. The emergence of X-ray emission lines during relativistic radio-jet formation in the changing-look active galactic nucleus 1ES 1927+654

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    X-ray emission lines and a broad iron feature emerged in changing-look AGN 1ES 1927+654 concurrently with radio-jet formation and declining ionized outflows from 2022 to 2025.

  4. X-ray Absorption Variability in NGC 1142: Another Constraint on the Nature of the Torus/Broad-Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.5 of 10

    NGC 1142’s NH varies across nine epochs; detection probability scales with observation count, and simple cloud simulations favor many simultaneous eclipsing clouds.

  5. On the Blueprint of Active Galaxies Producing Neutrinos

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Neutrinos from active galaxies are produced in compact X-ray-bright coronae within about ten Schwarzschild radii of the black hole, and such sources may supply the diffuse neutrino flux.

  6. Unification models of Active Galactic Nuclei

    astro-ph.GA 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 2.0 of 10

    Overview chapter summarizing traditional orientation-based and radiation-regulated unification models for AGN, including evolutionary aspects and changing-look AGN.

  7. Continuum optical-UV and X-ray variability of AGN: current results and future challenges

    astro-ph.HE 2025-06 unverdicted novelty 1.0 of 10

    A comprehensive review of AGN continuum variability from optical/UV to X-rays, with no new data.

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