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Out-of-equilibrium dynamics of two interacting optically-trapped particles
Statistical Mechanics · Submitted 15 Feb 2023
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim Framing the dynamics in terms of two coupled over-damped Langevin equations, we show that the system reaches a non-equilibrium steady-state with non-zero (for $T_1 \neq T_2$) probability currents that possess non-zero curls.
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We present a theoretical analysis of a non-equilibrium dynamics in a model system consisting of two particles which move randomly on a plane. The two particles interact via a harmonic potential, experience their own (independent from each other) noises characterized by two different temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$, and each particle is being held by its own optical tweezer. Such a system with two particle coupled by hydrodynamic interactions was previously realised experimentally in B\'erut et al. [EPL {\bf 107}, 60004 (2014)], and the difference between two temperatures has been achieved by exerting an additional noise on either of the tweezers. Framing the dynamics in terms of two coupled over-damped Langevin equations, we show that the system reaches a non-equilibrium steady-state with non-zero (for $T_1 \neq T_2$) probability currents that possess non-zero curls. As a consequence, in this system the particles are continuously spinning around their centers of mass in a completely synchronised way - the curls of currents at the instantaneous positions of two particles have the same magnitude and sign. Moreover, we demonstrate that the components of currents of two particles are strongly correlated and undergo a rotational motion along closed elliptic orbits.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We present a theoretical analysis of a non-equilibrium dynamics in a model system consisting of two particles which move randomly on a plane. | contribution 1.00 | 0.90 | 0.04 | asserted 0.95 |
| s1 | The two particles interact via a harmonic potential, experience their own (independent from each other) noises characterized by two different temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$, and each particle is being held by its own optical tweezer. | method 0.73 | 0.27 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | Such a system with two particle coupled by hydrodynamic interactions was previously realised experimentally in B\'erut et al. [EPL {\bf 107}, 60004 (2014)], and the difference between two temperatures has been achieved by exerting an additional noise on either of the tweezers. | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | Framing the dynamics in terms of two coupled over-damped Langevin equations, we show that the system reaches a non-equilibrium steady-state with non-zero (for $T_1 \neq T_2$) probability currents that possess non-zero curls. | result 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.68 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | As a consequence, in this system the particles are continuously spinning around their centers of mass in a completely synchronised way - the curls of currents at the instantaneous positions of two particles have the same magnitude and sign. | result 0.71 | 0.88 | 0.43 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | Moreover, we demonstrate that the components of currents of two particles are strongly correlated and undergo a rotational motion along closed elliptic orbits. | result 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.18 | asserted 1.00 |
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Original abstract
We present a theoretical analysis of a non-equilibrium dynamics in a model system consisting of two particles which move randomly on a plane. The two particles interact via a harmonic potential, experience their own (independent from each other) noises characterized by two different temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$, and each particle is being held by its own optical tweezer. Such a system with two particle coupled by hydrodynamic interactions was previously realised experimentally in B\'erut et al. [EPL {\bf 107}, 60004 (2014)], and the difference between two temperatures has been achieved by exerting an additional noise on either of the tweezers. Framing the dynamics in terms of two coupled over-damped Langevin equations, we show that the system reaches a non-equilibrium steady-state with non-zero (for $T_1 \neq T_2$) probability currents that possess non-zero curls. As a consequence, in this system the particles are continuously spinning around their centers of mass in a completely synchronised way - the curls of currents at the instantaneous positions of two particles have the same magnitude and sign. Moreover, we demonstrate that the components of currents of two particles are strongly correlated and undergo a rotational motion along closed elliptic orbits.
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See Ref. [ref] for a theoretical study of the effects of the motion of two interacting beads on a plane.
Nonequilibrium Probability Currents in Optically-Driven Colloidal Suspensions · Experimental Design · 0.92
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