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Token Merging for Fast Stable Diffusion

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arxiv 2303.17604 v1 pith:KWQNFBPX submitted 2023-03-30 cs.CV

Token Merging for Fast Stable Diffusion

classification cs.CV
keywords diffusiongenerationimagesmergingmodelsstableimageimplementations
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The landscape of image generation has been forever changed by open vocabulary diffusion models. However, at their core these models use transformers, which makes generation slow. Better implementations to increase the throughput of these transformers have emerged, but they still evaluate the entire model. In this paper, we instead speed up diffusion models by exploiting natural redundancy in generated images by merging redundant tokens. After making some diffusion-specific improvements to Token Merging (ToMe), our ToMe for Stable Diffusion can reduce the number of tokens in an existing Stable Diffusion model by up to 60% while still producing high quality images without any extra training. In the process, we speed up image generation by up to 2x and reduce memory consumption by up to 5.6x. Furthermore, this speed-up stacks with efficient implementations such as xFormers, minimally impacting quality while being up to 5.4x faster for large images. Code is available at https://github.com/dbolya/tomesd.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Spark3R: Asymmetric Token Reduction Makes Fast Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Asymmetric token reduction, with distinct merging for queries and pruning for key-values plus layer-wise adaptation, delivers up to 28x speedup on 1000-frame 3D reconstruction inputs while preserving competitive quality.

  2. Spark3R: Asymmetric Token Reduction Makes Fast Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Spark3R achieves up to 28x speedup on 1000-frame 3D reconstruction inputs by asymmetrically reducing query and key-value tokens in Vision Transformers while keeping competitive quality.

  3. PhysEdit: Physically-Consistent Region-Aware Image Editing via Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Reasoning

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    PhysEdit introduces adaptive reasoning depth and spatial masking to make image editing faster and more instruction-aligned without retraining the base model.

  4. MaMe & MaRe: Matrix-Based Token Merging and Restoration for Efficient Visual Perception and Synthesis

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MaMe is a differentiable matrix-only token merging method that doubles ViT-B throughput with a 2% accuracy drop on pre-trained models and enables faster, higher-quality image synthesis when paired with MaRe.

  5. Dynamic Video Generation: Shaping Video Generation Across Time and Space

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    DVG dynamically selects content-aware spatio-temporal acceleration strategies for diffusion-based video generation, delivering up to 7x speedup with near-lossless quality on models like HunyuanVideo.

  6. AdaCorrection: Adaptive Offset Cache Correction for Accurate Diffusion Transformers

    cs.CV 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    AdaCorrection adaptively corrects offset caches in DiT inference via on-the-fly spatio-temporal validity checks to maintain near-original FID with moderate acceleration.