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StructGPT: A General Framework for Large Language Model to Reason over Structured Data

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arxiv 2305.09645 v2 pith:YXKDGWTO submitted 2023-05-16 cs.CL

classification cs.CL
keywords datastructuredapproachemphllmsreasoningstructgptinterfaces
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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In this paper, we study how to improve the zero-shot reasoning ability of large language models~(LLMs) over structured data in a unified way. Inspired by the study on tool augmentation for LLMs, we develop an \emph{Iterative Reading-then-Reasoning~(IRR)} approach for solving question answering tasks based on structured data, called \textbf{StructGPT}. In our approach, we construct the specialized function to collect relevant evidence from structured data (\ie \emph{reading}), and let LLMs concentrate the reasoning task based on the collected information (\ie \emph{reasoning}). Specially, we propose an \emph{invoking-linearization-generation} procedure to support LLMs in reasoning on the structured data with the help of the external interfaces. By iterating this procedures with provided interfaces, our approach can gradually approach the target answer to a given query. Extensive experiments conducted on three types of structured data demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, which can significantly boost the performance of ChatGPT and achieve comparable performance against the full-data supervised-tuning baselines. Our codes and data are publicly available at~\url{https://github.com/RUCAIBox/StructGPT}.

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Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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    cs.CR 2025-07 unverdicted novelty 8.0 of 10

    ExCyTIn-Bench is the first benchmark of 7542 questions from Microsoft Sentinel threat investigation graphs, where the best LLM agent achieves a reward of 0.606.

  2. Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Web

    cs.CL 2023-06 accept novelty 8.0 of 10

    Mind2Web is the first large-scale dataset of real-world web tasks for developing generalist language-guided agents that complete complex actions on diverse websites.

  3. DeSQ: Decomposition-based SPARQL Query Generation

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    DeSQ decomposes questions into atomic constraints, maps them to SPARQL fragments with placeholders, grounds the placeholders, and assembles complete queries, outperforming prior methods on four of five benchmarks.

  4. NeuroSymActive: Differentiable Neural-Symbolic Reasoning with Active Exploration for Knowledge Graph Question Answering

    cs.CL 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    NeuroSymActive combines soft-unification symbolic modules, a neural path evaluator, and Monte-Carlo-style active exploration to reach strong answer accuracy on KGQA benchmarks while cutting graph lookups and model cal...

  5. Utilizing Training Data to Improve LLM Reasoning for Tabular Understanding

    cs.LG 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    LRTab retrieves error-avoiding prompt conditions learned from incorrect chain-of-thought traces on training tables to improve LLM tabular reasoning, achieving modest gains on WikiTQ and TabFact.

  6. Stabilizing Black-Box Prompt Optimization with Textual Regularization and Signal Aggregation

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  8. ArchRAG: Attributed Community-based Hierarchical Retrieval-Augmented Generation

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  9. Stepwise Reasoning Enhancement for LLMs via External Subgraph Generation

    cs.CL 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    SGR framework generates query-relevant subgraphs from knowledge graphs via schema-guided retrieval to guide LLM stepwise reasoning, reporting accuracy gains on QA benchmarks.

  10. SGR: A Stepwise Reasoning Framework for LLMs with External Subgraph Generation

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    SGR enhances LLM reasoning accuracy by generating external subgraphs from knowledge bases and guiding progressive inference over them, yielding consistent gains over baselines on benchmarks.

  11. NeuroSymActive: Differentiable Neural-Symbolic Reasoning with Active Exploration for Knowledge Graph Question Answering

    cs.CL 2026-02 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    NeuroSymActive claims state-of-the-art KGQA accuracy (WebQSP 87.1, CWQ 62.5 Hits@1) by coupling differentiable neural-symbolic reasoning with uncertainty-guided MCTS and active human queries.

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