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Imperfect Axion Precludes the Domain Wall Problem
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abstract
The QCD axion needs not be an exact pseudoscalar for solving the strong CP problem. Its imperfectness can play a profound role cosmologically. We propose effective operators, where the Peccei-Quinn field linearly couples to Standard Model particles, provide a dynamical solution to the domain wall problem that prevails in post-inflationary axion models with discrete symmetry. Such interactions generate a thermal potential that drives the axion field to a universal value throughout the universe at high temperatures thus preventing the birth of domain walls when the QCD potential switches on. We discuss generic conditions for this mechanism to work and several concrete examples. Combining with existing electric dipole moment and fifth force constraints, a lower bound on the axion mass is obtained around $10^{-5}$\,eV. Our findings make a strong case for complementary axion searches with both quality preserving and violating interactions.
Forward citations
Cited by 2 Pith papers
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Thermal Alignment as a Pathway to Axion Dark Matter
A thermal bath that damps an axion also imprints fluctuations, and this paper derives a covariance bound plus a gauge model in which one transition determines the late axion phase space as dark matter.
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About electroweak domain walls in Majoron models
Electroweak instantons alone do not produce Majoron domain walls; a tiny instanton mass from B+L breaking is cosmologically negligible and can act as a bias or dark energy.
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