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Gravitational Waves from Stochastic Scalar Fluctuations

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arxiv 2307.01248 v1 pith:7SRBSR54 submitted 2023-07-03 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph

classification astro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph
keywords curvaturefluctuationsgravitationallargeperturbationsspectatorstochasticconsider
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We present a novel mechanism for gravitational wave generation in the early Universe. Light spectator scalar fields during inflation can acquire a blue-tilted power spectrum due to stochastic effects. We show that this effect can lead to large curvature perturbations at small scales (induced by the spectator field fluctuations) while maintaining the observed, slightly red-tilted curvature perturbations at large cosmological scales (induced by the inflaton fluctuations). Along with other observational signatures, such as enhanced dark matter substructure, large curvature perturbations can induce a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). The predicted strength of SGWB in our scenario, $\Omega_{\rm GW}h^2 \simeq 10^{-20} - 10^{-15}$, can be observed with future detectors, operating between $10^{-5}$ Hz and 10 Hz. We note that, in order to accommodate the newly reported NANOGrav observation, one could consider the same class of spectator models. At the same time, one would need to go beyond the simple benchmark considered here and consider a regime in which a misalignment contribution is also important.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. The effects of non Bunch-Davies initial conditions on gravitationally produced relics

    gr-qc 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Non-Bunch–Davies initial conditions can drastically change gravitationally produced vector dark matter abundances, opening a wider viable mass range.

  2. Dynamically generated tilt of isocurvature fluctuations

    hep-ph 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Self-interacting spectator scalars generically produce blue-tilted isocurvature because the condensate stalls at the slow-roll boundary, an attractor that also predicts quartic dark matter's mass–coupling relation.

  3. Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability: Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability allows narrow curvature spectra to exponentially suppress primordial black hole overproduction via correlation coefficient ρ approaching -1 while retaining s...

  4. Gravitational Waves from Spectator Scalar Fields

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Heavy spectator scalar fields with masses near the inflationary Hubble scale generate a gravitational wave background observable across pulsar timing arrays, LISA, and ground-based interferometers, with constraints re...

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