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Can Planet 9 be an Axion Star?

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arxiv 2308.07263 v2 pith:X5ZMZJEH submitted 2023-08-14 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords axionstarplanetdecayaxionscapturingfindfrequency
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abstract

The anomalous orbits of Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) can be explained by the Planet 9 hypothesis. We propose that the Planet 9 can be an axion star. Axion stars are gravitational bound clusters condensed by QCD axions or axion-like particles (ALPs), which we call axions for brevity. We find that the probability of capturing an axion star by the solar system is the same order of magnitude as the probability of capturing a free floating planet (FFP), and even higher for the case of axion star, with axion star mass $5M_\oplus\approx1.5\times10^{-5}M_\odot$ and $\Omega_{\rm{AS}}/\Omega_{\rm{DM}}\simeq 1/10$. Although axion star can emit monochromatic signals through two-photon decay, we find that the frequency of decay photon is either not within the frequency range of the radio telescope, or the decay signal is too weak to be detected. Therefore, if Planet 9 is composed by an axion star, it may be difficult to distinguish it from an isolated primordial black hole by spontaneous decay of axion.

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Scalar-Induced Electromagnetic Radiation: Comparison with Axion-Like Particles and Implications for Modified Gravity

    hep-ph 2024-11 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    Scalar fields in scalar-tensor gravity produce EM radiation through φFμνFμν coupling with resonance amplification that differs from ALP φFμν~Fμν signals, enabling potential distinction and modified gravity tests.

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