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Better Safe than Sorry: Recovering after Adversarial Majority

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arxiv 2310.06338 v2 pith:TYMZTD6K submitted 2023-10-10 cs.CR cs.DC

Srivatsan Sridhar , Dionysis Zindros , David Tse This is my paper · ORCID
classification cs.CRcs.DC
keywords majoritysafetyadversariallivenessblockchainclientsprotocolapplied
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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The security of blockchain protocols is a combination of two properties: safety and liveness. It is well known that no blockchain protocol can provide both to sleepy (intermittently online) clients under adversarial majority. However, safety is more critical in that a single safety violation can cause users to lose money. At the same time, liveness must not be lost forever. We show that, in a synchronous network, it is possible to maintain safety for all clients even during adversarial majority, and recover liveness after honest majority is restored. Our solution takes the form of a recovery gadget that can be applied to any protocol with certificates (such as HotStuff, Streamlet, Tendermint, and their variants).

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Accountable Liveness

    cs.CR 2025-04 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Accountable liveness is achievable in x-partially-synchronous networks if and only if x < 1/2 and the adversary controls fewer than n/2 nodes.

  2. Decentralization in PoS Blockchain Consensus: Quantification and Advancement

    cs.DC 2025-04 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Square-root and logarithmic stake-weighting functions raise decentralization metrics by about 51% and 132% respectively across ten PoS blockchains, but the claims depend on an unresolved Sybil-cost assumption.

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