Pith. sign in

REVIEW 6 cited by

Cultural Bias and Cultural Alignment of Large Language Models

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2311.14096 v2 pith:TCHHD6LS submitted 2023-11-23 cs.CL cs.AI

classification cs.CLcs.AI
keywords culturalmodelsbiasalignmentpeopleturbocountriesevaluation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
0 comments
read the original abstract

Culture fundamentally shapes people's reasoning, behavior, and communication. As people increasingly use generative artificial intelligence (AI) to expedite and automate personal and professional tasks, cultural values embedded in AI models may bias people's authentic expression and contribute to the dominance of certain cultures. We conduct a disaggregated evaluation of cultural bias for five widely used large language models (OpenAI's GPT-4o/4-turbo/4/3.5-turbo/3) by comparing the models' responses to nationally representative survey data. All models exhibit cultural values resembling English-speaking and Protestant European countries. We test cultural prompting as a control strategy to increase cultural alignment for each country/territory. For recent models (GPT-4, 4-turbo, 4o), this improves the cultural alignment of the models' output for 71-81% of countries and territories. We suggest using cultural prompting and ongoing evaluation to reduce cultural bias in the output of generative AI.

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. OpenAlex reports about 13 citations worldwide. Full citation record

  1. DECASTE: Unveiling Caste Stereotypes in Large Language Models through Multi-Dimensional Bias Analysis

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Caste-based stereotypes are measurably present in widely used LLMs, with the largest bias appearing when Dalits and Shudras are compared with dominant castes.

  2. From Lived Experience to Insight: Unpacking the Psychological Risks of Using AI Conversational Agents

    cs.HC 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The authors derive a psychological risk taxonomy for AI conversational agents from survey responses and workshops, mapping 19 AI behaviors, 21 negative psychological impacts, and 15 user contexts.

  3. Robustness and Confounders in the Demographic Alignment of LLMs with Human Perceptions of Offensiveness

    cs.CY 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Across five offensiveness and hate speech datasets, LLM alignment with human annotators is inconsistent for gender and ethnicity, with the only rounded-average consistency being lower alignment with Black than White a...

  4. Effects of Personality- and Opinion-Alignment in Human-AI Interaction

    cs.HC 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    People rate AI chatbots as more trustworthy, competent, warm, and persuasive when the chatbots share their opinion, whereas matching the chatbot's personality to the user's has little or no effect.

  5. Toward Inclusive Educational AI: Auditing Frontier LLMs through a Multiplexity Lens

    cs.CL 2025-01 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Multi-agent prompting makes LLM answers mention a roughly equal share of eight cultures, but the measurement and the multi-agent design make the reported 98% balance largely self-fulfilling.

  6. A Survey on Human-Centric LLMs

    cs.CL 2024-11 conditional novelty 1.0 of 10

    A review that sorts existing evidence on how well large language models imitate individual human skills and collective social dynamics into one taxonomy.

Pith tools