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OmniMedVQA: A New Large-Scale Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Medical LVLM

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arxiv 2402.09181 v2 pith:DM4YT2LE submitted 2024-02-14 eess.IV cs.CV

classification eess.IVcs.CV
keywords medicalbenchmarklvlmsimageslvlmanatomicalcomprehensivedataset
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various multimodal tasks. However, their potential in the medical domain remains largely unexplored. A significant challenge arises from the scarcity of diverse medical images spanning various modalities and anatomical regions, which is essential in real-world medical applications. To solve this problem, in this paper, we introduce OmniMedVQA, a novel comprehensive medical Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmark. This benchmark is collected from 73 different medical datasets, including 12 different modalities and covering more than 20 distinct anatomical regions. Importantly, all images in this benchmark are sourced from authentic medical scenarios, ensuring alignment with the requirements of the medical field and suitability for evaluating LVLMs. Through our extensive experiments, we have found that existing LVLMs struggle to address these medical VQA problems effectively. Moreover, what surprises us is that medical-specialized LVLMs even exhibit inferior performance to those general-domain models, calling for a more versatile and robust LVLM in the biomedical field. The evaluation results not only reveal the current limitations of LVLM in understanding real medical images but also highlight our dataset's significance. Our code with dataset are available at https://github.com/OpenGVLab/Multi-Modality-Arena.

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Cited by 10 Pith papers

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    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Introduces MMBU benchmark for VLMs in biomedicine and demonstrates that established benchmarks mask perception deficiencies in evaluated models.

  2. Beyond Classification Accuracy: Neural-MedBench and the Need for Deeper Reasoning Benchmarks

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    Neural-MedBench reveals sharp performance drops in state-of-the-art VLMs on reasoning-intensive neurology tasks compared to conventional classification benchmarks, with reasoning failures dominating errors.

  3. MedRealMM: A Real-World Multimodal Benchmark for Chinese Online Medical Consultation

    cs.AI 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5 of 10

    A real multimodal Chinese online-consultation benchmark of 5,620 cases finds frontier LLMs below physicians, with safety-sensitive error avoidance as the main gap.

  4. CLIR-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal Question Answering over Irregular Clinical Time Series

    cs.CL 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    CLIR-Bench shows generalist and time-series LLMs struggle to ground clinical answers in sparse irregular ICU evidence, with top accuracy near 50% and weak causal evidence use.

  5. MedRealMM: A Real-World Multimodal Benchmark for Chinese Online Medical Consultation

    cs.AI 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    On a new benchmark of 5,620 real multimodal online consultations, top LLMs trail the original physicians mainly because they trigger more unsafe or unsupported negative criteria.

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    A composite loss with Brier calibration, anchor regularization, contrastive alignment from 2x2 perturbations, and KL stabilization reduces calibration error by over 60% in medical VQA while preserving accuracy.

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  8. PMC-VQA: Visual Instruction Tuning for Medical Visual Question Answering

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  9. Objective-Aligned Direct Answer SFT for Robust Multi-Frame Medical VQA

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  10. Inference-Time Agentic Decision Rules Beat Longer Evolving Search for Multi-Image Medical Reasoning

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