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Antigen-Specific Antibody Design via Direct Energy-based Preference Optimization

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arxiv 2403.16576 v3 pith:LYRDMBCI submitted 2024-03-25 q-bio.BM cs.LG

classification q-bio.BMcs.LG
keywords antibodiesenergyantibodyoptimizationpreferenceantigen-specificapproachbinding
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Antibody design, a crucial task with significant implications across various disciplines such as therapeutics and biology, presents considerable challenges due to its intricate nature. In this paper, we tackle antigen-specific antibody sequence-structure co-design as an optimization problem towards specific preferences, considering both rationality and functionality. Leveraging a pre-trained conditional diffusion model that jointly models sequences and structures of antibodies with equivariant neural networks, we propose direct energy-based preference optimization to guide the generation of antibodies with both rational structures and considerable binding affinities to given antigens. Our method involves fine-tuning the pre-trained diffusion model using a residue-level decomposed energy preference. Additionally, we employ gradient surgery to address conflicts between various types of energy, such as attraction and repulsion. Experiments on RAbD benchmark show that our approach effectively optimizes the energy of generated antibodies and achieves state-of-the-art performance in designing high-quality antibodies with low total energy and high binding affinity simultaneously, demonstrating the superiority of our approach.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Aligning Protein Conformation Ensemble Generation with Physical Feedback

    q-bio.BM 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    EBA fine-tunes a protein diffusion model by reweighting sampled conformations according to their force-field energies, improving ensemble realism on the ATLAS benchmark.

  2. Antigen-specific Antibody Multi-modal Foundation Model for Functional Antibody Design

    q-bio.BM 2026-07 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    AAMFM combines ESM3, an antigen-geometry adapter, and Cal-DPO preference optimization rewarded by AlphaFold3-style scores to design antibody CDRs and structures, reporting higher predicted binding scores than prior methods.

  3. ReachVox: Clutter-free Reachability Visualization for Robot Motion Planning in Virtual Reality

    cs.HC 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    A minimal VR encoding of robot-arm reachability, ReachVox, is claimed to aid remote human-robot collaboration versus a point-based check, based on an n=20 user study.

  4. MolFORM: Multi-modal Flow Matching for Structure-Based Drug Design

    cs.CE 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A flow-matching model with direct preference optimization fine-tuning generates protein-binding molecules faster than diffusion baselines, with improved docking scores on the CrossDocked2020 benchmark.

  5. AffinityFlow: Guided Flows for Antibody Affinity Maturation

    cs.LG 2025-02 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    AffinityFlow guides AlphaFlow structure generation toward low Rosetta binding energy, then inverse-folds the structures to propose antibody mutations, and reports top scores on a computational affinity maturation benchmark.

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