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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities

As of 5 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 253 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2406.07353.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2406.07353 v1

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 253 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z

measured 101 of 101 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T10:26:22.226219Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

100 of 253 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact23
  • verified fuzzy59
  • unresolved17
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 4417507f-54a8-4375-add9-1d75fa7b9bf5 · outbound

This paper cites Dawkins, The Selfish Gene, new ed., Oxford University Press.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Dawkins, The Selfish Gene, new ed., Oxford University Press

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.822693Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1f8c419732f4ff1b129c3c7b0069d9f5ff819b00add3cfe9e18a897dedd6f60a

Observation 8bab267c-b18c-4e7a-b94d-173c4bce8228 · outbound

This paper cites Dennet, Dangerous memes - a ted talk, Youtube.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Dennet, Dangerous memes - a ted talk, Youtube

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.750432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:3a1793abe1f5b957dfeae336a85e2d421e1814e96acab963612ba7af529e9b4b

Observation 1ba60f2a-61b4-4727-b8f9-8532bb368e9a · outbound

This paper cites Koutlis, M.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Koutlis, M

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.837354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:999f012ebe29cf3c55664d21b8d2810e9bf2838e5780452fff7b93f095b932f8

Observation 45854c06-7aa8-4ac3-bf99-b060d88cea58 · outbound

This paper cites Peeters, M.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Peeters, M

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.268816Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:e5e043b52496a0b02a27fab3a1ae339ddfa602efd2dd2cdf5f5275528df6a9aa

Observation 9f09e0e3-fc4f-4cf4-a8c3-614924e137db · outbound

This paper cites Arkenbout, Political meme toolkit: leftist dutch meme makers share their trade secrets, in: Critical meme reader II: memetic tacticality, Institute of Network Cultures, 2022, pp.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Arkenbout, Political meme toolkit: leftist dutch meme makers share their trade secrets, in: Critical meme reader II: memetic tacticality, Institute of Network Cultures, 2022, pp

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.282397Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:4498d489bce1a1a53ac082d4fddcce41817b35417d9240027112fea0ac3399db

Observation 2ec6a0cb-4664-4178-9499-57cda1fc5cd3 · outbound

This paper cites Wagener, Semiotic excess in memes: From postdigital creativity to social violence, Internet Pragmatics 6 (2023) 239–258.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Wagener, Semiotic excess in memes: From postdigital creativity to social violence, Internet Pragmatics 6 (2023) 239–258

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.258298Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:26ffdf958c1a4627046c844f0f1a4c8d81f3b819b13532da4769be70a461320d

Observation a4866fe0-3bdd-42b6-99a3-d5a07470e6ce · outbound

This paper cites Kiela, H.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Kiela, H

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.250978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:0316ec11bb8c8711ff73be34244132a3940dc351ec58bd68c32ac7d0969f0f86

Observation fb5bb22b-1397-4637-90e7-22c369a25176 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.247401Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:f15adfb016d96dd4b64c2b6c7855c8b43c2e09d191f1bb5b2873e994d7cf18e9

Observation febe4df7-bdda-44e2-b9b3-ff36908728bf · outbound

This paper cites Kumar, K.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Kumar, K

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.254533Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:33580aba67f0b5aa3fe828247b83f7903055e424e35a535a18e518592388b0c4

Observation f478dccf-747d-476c-8526-73f13d93a30c · outbound

This paper cites Detecting and Understanding Harmful Memes: A Survey.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Detecting and Understanding Harmful Memes: A Survey

Reference 10

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.980053Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:8b4ad6269c8b807cd8dbca1bf4ca687cfa406f08c40408f78848e6dcea83c778

Observation 323d496b-a848-4f1d-acde-2b69aba0a243 · outbound

This paper cites Grasso, V.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Grasso, V

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.237221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:8c7364ed4d3c4023669e6d4cde2f3e13d4dc34cb2a18e2d783fe54a7cc28df8e

Observation 15f0b946-a50f-4179-8a80-034f2089892d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.240638Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:3731be488c470d989a5a0121e295f3fb9980abb96e6b68bf316abc1e80b736a7

Observation d4f0b1df-e149-42d6-8126-950c5238eccd · outbound

This paper cites BanglaAbuseMeme: A Dataset for Bengali Abusive Meme Classification.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities BanglaAbuseMeme: A Dataset for Bengali Abusive Meme Classification

Reference 13

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.074778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:d6ea894312430ea6ae3a915a7dd428cb6544c0b990802f17bbd76ded235a00ec

Observation 8bbbd490-b7be-4f73-b6a6-de26fe758df0 · outbound

This paper cites Multimodal Prediction of Tearing Instabilities in a Tokamak.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Multimodal Prediction of Tearing Instabilities in a Tokamak

Reference 14

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.443473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:04750a33bf021d5aeedf8f7f441cf4acf0e93f51d537befc7927951fd94e62b5

Observation 14bdfaac-c35f-4264-b506-252e107e8baa · outbound

This paper cites Shang, Y.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Shang, Y

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.233923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:e92d68294e7b5a13969884f71fe65f62db5688685991369693c318be634eb2f9

Observation 9272f8dc-f45e-4a55-a4f0-5f7b4f807b51 · outbound

This paper cites SemEval-2020 Task 8: Memotion Analysis -- The Visuo-Lingual Metaphor!.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities SemEval-2020 Task 8: Memotion Analysis -- The Visuo-Lingual Metaphor!

Reference 16

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.914337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:dcc754f871e1e12091fc9e44efdfb03ce2da12e38b30609d2c791cb3df4c8d47

Observation 3ea72db7-e424-407a-8771-064f2b4ac4ff · outbound

This paper cites Williams, M.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Williams, M

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.261898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:a756b2397d9edcaf16166a5dca16e0cce2e9ec5e92de71abd9bdb6c359af3447

Observation 7f7a547f-e86b-43ef-9012-a6ddf1687104 · outbound

This paper cites Detecting Propaganda Techniques in Memes.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Detecting Propaganda Techniques in Memes

Reference 19

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.140035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:d989cdf8ed3d3291ba93c778db5d7dc0cfba222776c0cfb831d4ca8530e438f9

Observation bbcb5036-457f-4e19-aa50-91897c80f986 · outbound

This paper cites Abdullah, D.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Abdullah, D

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.203609Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:f1e8f2a73788ddaabbeca99a3ad2aadbf69b5c23055448eca5e843cdea067ded

Observation fbe7f389-a8c1-4f55-8773-85f617ef25af · outbound

This paper cites Rodríguez, P.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Rodríguez, P

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.207437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:11fc87bdf2a6581250d86a669a6d41353bed4067d5be01f360b538807041e132

Observation 7a793ec5-f7d6-44e5-b877-daf36cee88a7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.222815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:f409ceb65463d6f68801db1f089d964846468878c4134817bcb53ed9a1035b91

Observation 70c95b27-7753-4a9a-8771-cc5d646bc935 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.186351Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:d41f4e9bd19989e3e9c26978803493e4985cee5f499cf647393060321a68a941

Observation eb771785-271d-4a39-aef4-76abb0eed06e · outbound

This paper cites Bebić, M.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Bebić, M

Reference 24

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.175722Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:c6c74f58597cc17f3272b655384f0f3656b700036d6d982717065aad16f777e1

Observation b5141203-69a6-4b28-94f9-d040c3de3735 · outbound

This paper cites Mazambani, M.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Mazambani, M

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.179264Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:5e79abd71ffa9c13a4e2551f5332293c09ad7923296841b82fefb485cee27a68

Observation ec6d053e-fee6-43fa-aaaf-d0b1b0437a95 · outbound

This paper cites [Accessed 17-04-2024].

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities [Accessed 17-04-2024]

Reference 26

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.193210Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:f37f48740f70f5419a1ea87656c6cc75ef66a61e3e320ec8bee0944354814b53

Observation 6a6fc9e2-9d3f-49e2-bd15-a109ef5c32a3 · outbound

This paper cites Vang, Is Meme Culture Problematic - The Current — thecurrentmsu.com, https://thecurrentmsu.com/2021/08/07/ is-meme-culture-problematic/.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Vang, Is Meme Culture Problematic - The Current — thecurrentmsu.com, https://thecurrentmsu.com/2021/08/07/ is-meme-culture-problematic/

Reference 27

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.215130Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:be61539fb67aaa29f49dfc6302183b130413fa87ba850baab3e039e5ae757573

Observation 76e0339e-837c-4975-a9b6-57601fa1b508 · outbound

This paper cites Rojas, The Toxicity of Online Meme Culture: When Is It Too Far? — studybreaks.com,https://studybreaks.com/thoughts/ meme-culture-2/.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Rojas, The Toxicity of Online Meme Culture: When Is It Too Far? — studybreaks.com,https://studybreaks.com/thoughts/ meme-culture-2/

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.150434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:5940ad08c29b8ce2855b1b78a478bf4f965a81baf5350849b4835d748d57e098

Observation 6af056ac-caf0-4f4b-a991-b0fbecd1c2e4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.154035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:a385a82c997082147b761892cc2657c4474a8d8917b0f5b0db3851bdb8991615

Observation 4a115854-d406-4fff-9174-baa19704160b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.164991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:e6c2fc93b4b8a12528d378729ea9f00f00738e53b8aab236dfa3780db08c7c6c

Observation 60add1e8-e9fe-4e48-8a1f-3bafd3d1b397 · outbound

This paper cites Needham, How the toxic went mainstream — pursuit.unimelb.edu.au, https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/ how-the-toxic-went-mainstream.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Needham, How the toxic went mainstream — pursuit.unimelb.edu.au, https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/ how-the-toxic-went-mainstream

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.143098Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:61173a75d27b360389a95b387be54e0b1024d38fe6e741affdec84fc81531ea8

Observation 63c44f14-50d9-4bf9-a3f1-fa2c001fdd7f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.123531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:c5523a5143624e0a80b17d9a45d1470a9e00d202d625e9982dd7bd47379e8bfd

Observation 0488d025-0df6-42e1-b036-d19ee42caf46 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.127472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:6743c2eaf4830d79edc9f432b1bff5001809c3d09814361a25e827c0de3e3ee1

Observation 25f6ab3d-ac10-4954-9014-58e4432ac0de · outbound

This paper cites Nondo, Facing disturbing content daily, online moderators in africa want better protections and a fair wage, CBC Radio (2023).

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Nondo, Facing disturbing content daily, online moderators in africa want better protections and a fair wage, CBC Radio (2023)

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.134931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1c0314bc1c61f8d8f3b0c4318fb3cf2336581e448bb7d3b78609ee0296f5f824

Observation 89d234b5-79a1-4210-b26a-2bac50cccf10 · outbound

This paper cites Perrigo, Inside facebook’s african sweatshop, Time (2022).

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Perrigo, Inside facebook’s african sweatshop, Time (2022)

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.161542Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:b8d17ee593e05447cf07291eca58732f600bd33be3e555ed53f1787e6f5b35d9

Observation bb5a6323-cede-45c2-a936-6a7da446547b · outbound

This paper cites it’s destroyed me completely.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities it’s destroyed me completely

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.226519Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1cc58412c3a8342fefa6eac05ae9338da6c5bce3f025a1f2da54371b289c4f25

Observation 1ce6f664-f5c9-4bb8-b42d-b2c92b12ac86 · outbound

This paper cites Mbagathi, In africa, taking on viral hate, Open Society Foundations (2023).

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Mbagathi, In africa, taking on viral hate, Open Society Foundations (2023)

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.286590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:cda8872039dc1252a7066c3f8f1d2952f96c4ef26db23752ade59bd9cc0b0fa8

Observation 082c9fab-e237-431d-b0d2-373c15602c97 · outbound

This paper cites 1451–1466.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities 1451–1466

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.089010Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:b4f741ab0a8ca8f570edde4b74d48abbe38b7d21a7e4c53f93bb607a9ab452dc

Observation c77102ce-d459-415d-8f9f-8adbd7233262 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.064829Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:d0c177938945a909bec2ab1d6c8b5263693dae4e286feb0caf61941f93bf8ea4

Observation 8fd40b49-8b05-478c-b385-ee06b062accf · outbound

This paper cites Zannettou, T.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Zannettou, T

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.068201Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:56db2558b831efe82e18f3ac915ac1f20d6d7aa524d9c797ce6ef0556279df60

Observation e9952456-dd18-4cbf-87fa-0faf9f27d5e9 · outbound

This paper cites Chakraborty, S.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Chakraborty, S

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.092182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:ea4a8698bb114369e31a7c5cdd8d7855996c06981e6586566ec3f71028aa26fb

Observation f44e930d-3cc0-4b97-a10b-9f6b31e9dd82 · outbound

This paper cites Polli, M.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Polli, M

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.105661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:3960549057c99e62f766652d815edff23fc593acf33bda1c108a2134169067a3

Observation 08088d89-0132-49c3-8a94-58376e621e25 · outbound

This paper cites Solon, Richard dawkins on the internet’s hijacking of the word ‘meme’, Wired UK 20 (2013).

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Solon, Richard dawkins on the internet’s hijacking of the word ‘meme’, Wired UK 20 (2013)

Reference 43

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.035718Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1b4b79d619f3f38d6193deba6df6e72f839174314181872da19aacf6e440ce9d

Observation 466602d3-f377-4317-9600-fb5c6787bbf1 · outbound

This paper cites Shifman, Memes in Digital Culture, MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series, MIT Press.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Shifman, Memes in Digital Culture, MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series, MIT Press

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.040588Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:de704852401bc6e60939283cb2c8b903022869765a5e72d03b8ceb040c3903d3

Observation 51cad488-908d-4600-9ebd-480f1a34991a · outbound

This paper cites Dynel, The life of covid-19 mask memes: a diachronic study of the pandemic memescape, Comunicar 30 (2022) 73–85.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Dynel, The life of covid-19 mask memes: a diachronic study of the pandemic memescape, Comunicar 30 (2022) 73–85

Reference 45

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.047712Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:e9ef244e6047de1a8f991e25a92c410e388c23d35cce2cb1ec2893d2851faf80

Observation b4fda78a-dcf5-4f9c-a184-18f9f6795de1 · outbound

This paper cites Thakur, F.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Thakur, F

Reference 46

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.028522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:f6ce2adbebc6d51530593e62861c2d417a6a8f8b9430203de09649d64034ffdd

Observation 862c9de2-565a-4b0c-bf22-8d17f6de0c83 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.058134Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1f08d5d5aa1a58d90e2203d3f134f00e1f59a4ed655ee3f03c995a506d5f1fd9

Observation b8215b16-207c-4287-b365-662bedbb801d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.054477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:469a902f3bccd33ea0cc05b602934265d2979c1aa1121ba8cf9d7186ad9a765c

Observation 78f69248-cc3b-47e8-b5e5-9ed4e1da02c9 · outbound

This paper cites Detecting Harmful Memes and Their Targets.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Detecting Harmful Memes and Their Targets

Reference 49

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.038629Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:ea39b625dae71b54cc963d76f7003407a8f499863aa3c96b34e1778740b1b456

Observation 6f3f561e-5f2f-44f7-94c4-f2965df0e9d3 · outbound

This paper cites Knobel, C.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Knobel, C

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.044158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:593802a661fb9e48d2fc6d9ecd3e320f17bb3adfe94918fa5afcbd997b8442c0

Observation c2383b0e-d04c-4d1e-bd00-ba821af6f227 · outbound

This paper cites Sharma, V.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Sharma, V

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.108912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:b06b4a45122c81cf8e5687a726a9149d4387b67a791af7d79e33ed982e63fafd

Observation 78da50c6-76ab-4c66-91d1-325de8a6c4e0 · outbound

This paper cites Sherratt, K.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Sherratt, K

Reference 52

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.011592Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:bb5e9ab5d035707876909613518205b96ab0a275dc5bc7541eafebad46b7ef1e

Observation bce1535e-8181-4bfd-abc3-83deba490d74 · outbound

This paper cites Kiela, H.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Kiela, H

Reference 53

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.014625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:81e36144ccee5e2034284fa8a9b7c423aa9671b3f8d6b9a2d5508bf2978d2569

Observation 15350e6b-5983-4bde-9bed-63935cbed19d · outbound

This paper cites Kostadinovska-Stojchevska, E.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Kostadinovska-Stojchevska, E

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.075266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:3cbf0d00450c70381ea647cb12b4ade2114d9ce6ad59b52a1e879927988612f4

Observation 95d4f123-b658-44a1-9d54-fa47afdbb0f2 · outbound

This paper cites Lapidot-Lefler, A.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Lapidot-Lefler, A

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.085666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:89091ea43303eb272a7b5ef34b0f17dabd2e7c3bc0089e445eae84e128b39976

Observation 6b726ecf-7e5e-4865-9427-b7a5cc83b289 · outbound

This paper cites Gordeev, V.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Gordeev, V

Reference 56

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.082017Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:5751e74c0d4c1c4474621ad85db951d1a53ee5002c0a937f06c3cb7a3b114302

Observation e7f878d7-9e1c-4bc8-aa85-c518302433c7 · outbound

This paper cites Sheth, V.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Sheth, V

Reference 57

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.005131Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:cb580b31ee5f76cee2374a98e79c2b72b68dc0b777245206b1bc81eccf5aa247

Observation 664aad67-13b0-405d-a774-b4d6b548cb75 · outbound

This paper cites Carlisle, Toxicity, memes and raids - Power of Zero — powerof0.org,https://powerof0.org/toxicity-memes-and-raids/.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Carlisle, Toxicity, memes and raids - Power of Zero — powerof0.org,https://powerof0.org/toxicity-memes-and-raids/

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.018190Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:684a73311cb8d7956ce427fc7950005d55c6d94e003a1c829fb6f0067f3a4263

Observation 9b8f7c64-0d6c-487c-b32a-3a056af71129 · outbound

This paper cites Mosleh, R.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Mosleh, R

Reference 59

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.991631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:dd2a2485ec10c8ae4d054993d8c217e27361b03e9930e6c495eaf831b779e1d1

Observation 7c785ae2-df22-4ef7-9021-d581efddd4ea · outbound

This paper cites DeToxy: A Large-Scale Multimodal Dataset for Toxicity Classification in Spoken Utterances.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities DeToxy: A Large-Scale Multimodal Dataset for Toxicity Classification in Spoken Utterances

Reference 60

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.017517Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:62647bb7f19c6abd9ea1adef68cd773f12e00c2495c0acb1a16f3c3f907001b4

Observation 1d462f48-8a5d-431c-bccc-80ca62662b43 · outbound

This paper cites Understanding Abuse: A Typology of Abusive Language Detection Subtasks.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Understanding Abuse: A Typology of Abusive Language Detection Subtasks

Reference 61

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.130150Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:d685a22b504e2eae93a5135a360297b9ad835afce00385442e2bd5e481e2a8cd

Observation 3edbec9d-4c45-49c5-9ba7-8e7c419a9c3a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 62

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.995382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:daf445fa86fdd6800ec34b53e1eb956ccfc0d2a4d3e8212f3326d77754dc0cd4

Observation 3481a772-7bff-4f69-b823-7194b4d43e08 · outbound

This paper cites SemEval-2019 Task 6: Identifying and Categorizing Offensive Language in Social Media (OffensEval).

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities SemEval-2019 Task 6: Identifying and Categorizing Offensive Language in Social Media (OffensEval)

Reference 63

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.048532Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:81527ca5b2bea8454d99d0af4a5eb16f678149110b5bd8ce26a4647720e003c0

Observation 1c961486-4d2d-4593-92d0-ca14c4d3b92e · outbound

This paper cites MetaHate: A Dataset for Unifying Efforts on Hate Speech Detection.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities MetaHate: A Dataset for Unifying Efforts on Hate Speech Detection

Reference 64

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.964006Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:2c46916113921a3acbdc800f563fd9675cda8ae0acf23c6fbeae6b42e60f7c58

Observation 8a7739fc-58c5-4857-a5f8-747e527b8fbf · outbound

This paper cites Adams, J.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Adams, J

Reference 65

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.289939Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:8d6664d8b781f142a824406d41ccfc4ecba92c540120164cb672c12ff2f7cf85

Observation d1026a63-02f8-4cd5-b174-d81d77ab3c1c · outbound

This paper cites Davidson, D.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Davidson, D

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.157831Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:b6e220d4e41c4f2880c0f94fed3f5c666b6a5e8da25d0566e66ef3753ae0019e

Observation bc2b3854-33ca-4dc9-847d-33492a128b62 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 67

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.941583Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:42d857cdbfc91bf037e1639ee092de34521a23d77409fed07bfc42cb87d37639

Observation 1a30e2f9-56d8-4dc3-b0d6-9c495a2a5c79 · outbound

This paper cites Alkomah, X.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Alkomah, X

Reference 68

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.938102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:e45d68b807cb816d24feda9f171bf585f1d6b671fb837a05b9c31d7ac281f7af

Observation b80a685e-12bc-4cb1-b6a2-88e59576f8c8 · outbound

This paper cites Chhabra, D.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Chhabra, D

Reference 69

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.964543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:41480b207746b92c055924b53d684def4c20390620336861ea61043919311038

Observation e03cf8b2-0b2d-4fd6-9160-61c75ed463e2 · outbound

This paper cites Fortuna, J.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Fortuna, J

Reference 70

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.928454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:0d1917138b87e419dc78155fc37be0d5e6bd039123011ab1bebcaa5e82e89efe

Observation fb169c6d-2e97-4b3c-85fa-bd3d480bb2bd · outbound

This paper cites Yankoski, W.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Yankoski, W

Reference 71

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.925165Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:e6cd345abf9abc4009e52f51a68cd9cb4dd22b696b93508b83ff6788b07f6599

Observation 8d7666e6-9ed9-4537-b09c-02917fee574f · outbound

This paper cites Banko, B.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Banko, B

Reference 72

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.189683Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:211eb3ead721e7fada3ec6b3b9720c54df5dab6d86d96053da7b7403b3ee810e

Observation f9804904-6ec9-4ae9-b5f0-e02e0c7feb65 · outbound

This paper cites Detecting Harmful Content On Online Platforms: What Platforms Need Vs. Where Research Efforts Go.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Detecting Harmful Content On Online Platforms: What Platforms Need Vs. Where Research Efforts Go

Reference 73

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.098341Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:2b4d4b1df92d4d73ff934e0193f1074d84460d974aaffa4a3869127dd068a9f3

Observation e41babcc-37e1-4c40-90c2-aef996472ce0 · outbound

This paper cites Halevy, C.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Halevy, C

Reference 74

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.918356Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:939d4423028d43201029d0ca89f4af51183d138873efb20f0fabfbcede5d6171

Observation c581439f-3dda-488d-9a3f-fa7ab7b0232c · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Multimodal Disinformation Detection.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities A Survey on Multimodal Disinformation Detection

Reference 75

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.941439Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:2274b68385ec64361e0be672e4ae18e830dec9d9784c26ff39bf652b97ccc9c8

Observation fafbc664-4416-40d3-bf3a-11b8f587b61f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 76

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.218822Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:3a8479ddc50a3b95b33028a31ca36a2b38b7da73ba00026cbf270124a33b3659

Observation 773338c4-4872-48cb-8a47-94cd01dac733 · outbound

This paper cites Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, A.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, A

Reference 77

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.906364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:21aee0687e235a2f393e5a41217d0bb5ac144d2ebc867d734b6971a4954c518a

Observation 33588e9d-ad18-462c-93b3-33efc9e485b1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 78

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.911113Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:41791a4c18fb07b0d3f81205c07dec93c4cbd0248e90da469ebb593269db5230

Observation 94bc66a4-5db6-4e77-92fc-ecca28ad514f · outbound

This paper cites Towards Explainable Harmful Meme Detection through Multimodal Debate between Large Language Models.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Towards Explainable Harmful Meme Detection through Multimodal Debate between Large Language Models

Reference 79

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.972145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1257ab53fc6e9ed4c2870fe1d6336449b75d50c8b49083386884f5967e959a7a

Observation eb3e7e40-7973-4765-b62c-074dfc015df4 · outbound

This paper cites Meme-ingful Analysis: Enhanced Understanding of Cyberbullying in Memes Through Multimodal Explanations.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Meme-ingful Analysis: Enhanced Understanding of Cyberbullying in Memes Through Multimodal Explanations

Reference 80

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.121431Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:0a7e8159626a3dafd99e7e982c9c0a92f9ffb853cd66a44e7a87f6e8ca0aa139

Observation c7f08861-d96a-419a-ae7f-62b97d67b7d1 · outbound

This paper cites Beneath the Surface: Unveiling Harmful Memes with Multimodal Reasoning Distilled from Large Language Models.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Beneath the Surface: Unveiling Harmful Memes with Multimodal Reasoning Distilled from Large Language Models

Reference 81

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.091290Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:4b97e1ea14414c5310bf27cd73396ab6f4c2436366f9c79d1a3589648607aa61

Observation a13af381-42d9-42ec-9c13-549d5fd4fb99 · outbound

This paper cites MiniGPT-v2: large language model as a unified interface for vision-language multi-task learning.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities MiniGPT-v2: large language model as a unified interface for vision-language multi-task learning

Reference 82

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.989740Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:257b7aaff8626ae34a3b18375fca075588af26262c9056903c0592101313c8a9

Observation 72681229-ed06-447d-98c7-65d0b7f79cad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 83

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.921818Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:f955c00b63e69a044aff70b30a9c1b32350d31cef6275614753bf2b0ee4d0002

Observation a05af019-a29d-41b3-8dca-56cb1ab766f9 · outbound

This paper cites Visual Program Distillation: Distilling Tools and Programmatic Reasoning into Vision-Language Models.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Visual Program Distillation: Distilling Tools and Programmatic Reasoning into Vision-Language Models

Reference 84

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.156434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:5e2bdfa42b182a4de3ff2723f7e67d5714358f0263412aec81513d4a1e29898e

Observation f40201bb-51c0-40e8-8dae-f1ac55d30445 · outbound

This paper cites Is GPT Powerful Enough to Analyze the Emotions of Memes?.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Is GPT Powerful Enough to Analyze the Emotions of Memes?

Reference 85

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.001624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:2d2f483315883e3cc21a31fc321890d7a49133c379139b868ff57c802bbdb648

Observation b894c12f-8843-4f0f-8356-94122e474159 · outbound

This paper cites On the Proactive Generation of Unsafe Images From Text-To-Image Models Using Benign Prompts.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities On the Proactive Generation of Unsafe Images From Text-To-Image Models Using Benign Prompts

Reference 86

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.932753Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:548a7bbe843870da416a5409f6ea8c5e7d51f301adcd3784c7b85bd256ed4ba4

Observation 551aa434-a4bd-4c31-920c-847085e851dd · outbound

This paper cites GOAT-Bench: Safety Insights to Large Multimodal Models through Meme-Based Social Abuse.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities GOAT-Bench: Safety Insights to Large Multimodal Models through Meme-Based Social Abuse

Reference 87

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.148329Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:49da9c04d2a40161f39408b821e6eff9df8787258228fcf9884dc5d34016adbe

Observation 0e88d4be-a4a4-4cc7-842a-028d23f58f5f · outbound

This paper cites Hossain, O.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Hossain, O

Reference 88

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.603913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:ba534f14b4d6d5f929294acbf0c831c8f4c22865d2d3799af38c35b84d06441a

Observation ce2b5875-9668-45ac-81c7-28bf0bdd8758 · outbound

This paper cites Bhandari, S.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Bhandari, S

Reference 89

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:40.273303Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:d496db085cad662db53a0732b818dc68f6775a1393fe17f59d1e55a5c585b5af

Observation 962345fa-e9e5-463d-8bbd-6c61c1bfbe85 · outbound

This paper cites Bhowmick, I.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Bhowmick, I

Reference 90

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.813443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:581e6a23a8520e97c6591a19e30c911f4ef23506c223bd5b6d94604500972223

Observation b842f3df-0018-458f-8ba1-73efd2f27438 · outbound

This paper cites DisinfoMeme: A Multimodal Dataset for Detecting Meme Intentionally Spreading Out Disinformation.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities DisinfoMeme: A Multimodal Dataset for Detecting Meme Intentionally Spreading Out Disinformation

Reference 91

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.083531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:e7bf63afd7cfe36482990322415db9d89793456d408ddf14eecf57a908f97e5f

Observation 73de6710-f805-428b-b8d4-4bf30facb984 · outbound

This paper cites Zhang, X.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Zhang, X

Reference 92

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.825937Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:0bcb999f0afa334fac1f5353d5d053dcfc0d2a607a7615f0851c04233622fb0f

Observation 7da2eb32-5448-4042-b801-f3658f01668c · outbound

This paper cites Kumari, D.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Kumari, D

Reference 93

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.449253Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:dde911506c710652dee1179dbe9bcc30037925c9601200b05b6475056be426cd

Observation 5fa64f84-8aaa-4b0e-8a45-083aefd391f4 · outbound

This paper cites DISARM: Detecting the Victims Targeted by Harmful Memes.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities DISARM: Detecting the Victims Targeted by Harmful Memes

Reference 94

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:38.920263Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:a8adbfb2f28a84218c4f718105eb506cbea6a443783715cf8980686d4ce088d2

Observation e2c185ce-8fde-4b00-aae4-4b96b511b037 · outbound

This paper cites Jabiyev, J.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Jabiyev, J

Reference 95

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.773727Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:813bf5a296359773f42c2add8e9133faf49baead268f1e3d3b2aa49614f2a6d0

Observation 357cf592-7850-47fb-9372-54a2164d8395 · outbound

This paper cites Mathias, S.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Mathias, S

Reference 96

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.737401Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1ae81ed69d4adbf40e78004cee68ad4a1114b7903bef23410d77a19bdcf7f1cf

Observation 365b43ad-bb54-477c-873c-f46abd66f856 · outbound

This paper cites Pramanick, S.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Pramanick, S

Reference 97

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.763666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:d8fc2c5d06f891950f407e28b7f8f838e7075e9b7a5d6da56b2960cf61cb7708

Observation 8bc0152f-03bf-4463-bfd6-4c9518e09f34 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Unresolved cited work

Reference 98

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.743908Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:1ec6ef612778c94cfa940a3dc0a2fac0a25d3b95717bdfbb1eb4e0ceb1107bb5

Observation 0eabc52e-32eb-42e2-9ed6-1739cb279dd8 · outbound

This paper cites Hee, W.-H.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Hee, W.-H

Reference 99

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.766885Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:91399b1dcc2c59d445ed7540b1b2590d3652e9022f75fd93f1fd84af830f09b0

Observation 9fee539c-84ee-461b-9853-f9b6f4896580 · outbound

This paper cites Sharma, T.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Sharma, T

Reference 100

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.770089Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:dcd4312674dbd72ec596accd512f36e2bf9608facf437c0f4fa2d3a6c1fb48a9

Observation f6290fb2-7f94-44b3-bf5e-43fb0aec605f · outbound

This paper cites Rajput, R.

Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities Rajput, R

Reference 101

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T23:48:39.740621Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T23:48:35.199627Z digest=sha256:f2e03f2bb30b0d83dc656ec9875c9d41349a76982b0bd54167c42f37182f1189

Pith citing papers

Observation c224b03f-61c1-4d75-a0cc-a1d512baf614 · inbound

Unpacking Hateful Memes: Presupposed Context and False Claims cites this paper.

Unpacking Hateful Memes: Presupposed Context and False Claims Toxic Memes: A Survey of Computational Perspectives on the Detection and Explanation of Meme Toxicities

Reference 44

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T10:26:22.226219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-04T10:26:22.226219Z digest=sha256:5db885b58804e207f1eaf4343af2180411526db00976bb2461108963d41089ee