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AndroidLab: Training and Systematic Benchmarking of Android Autonomous Agents

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arxiv 2410.24024 v2 pith:FUJQZB3O submitted 2024-10-31 cs.AI

AndroidLab: Training and Systematic Benchmarking of Android Autonomous Agents

classification cs.AI
keywords androidandroidlabagentsllmslmmsmodelssystematicaction
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Autonomous agents have become increasingly important for interacting with the real world. Android agents, in particular, have been recently a frequently-mentioned interaction method. However, existing studies for training and evaluating Android agents lack systematic research on both open-source and closed-source models. In this work, we propose AndroidLab as a systematic Android agent framework. It includes an operation environment with different modalities, action space, and a reproducible benchmark. It supports both large language models (LLMs) and multimodal models (LMMs) in the same action space. AndroidLab benchmark includes predefined Android virtual devices and 138 tasks across nine apps built on these devices. By using the AndroidLab environment, we develop an Android Instruction dataset and train six open-source LLMs and LMMs, lifting the average success rates from 4.59% to 21.50% for LLMs and from 1.93% to 13.28% for LMMs. AndroidLab is open-sourced and publicly available at https://github.com/THUDM/Android-Lab.

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Forward citations

Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. MobiBench: Multi-Branch, Modular Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents

    cs.AI 2025-12 accept novelty 8.0

    MobiBench is the first modular multi-path offline benchmark for mobile GUI agents, achieving 94.72% agreement with human evaluators while allowing component-level analysis.

  2. OSWorld 2.0: Benchmarking Computer Use Agents on Long-Horizon Real-World Tasks

    cs.AI 2026-06 accept novelty 7.0

    On 108 long-horizon real-world computer workflows, frontier agents complete at most 20.6% of tasks and fail mainly by losing hidden state, not by basic GUI control.

  3. ScaleWoB: Guiding GUI Agents with Coding Agents via Large-Scale Environmental Synthesis

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    ScaleWoB generates 100+ synthetic interactive GUI environments and 1000+ verifiable tasks as web pages, releasing a 120-task mobile benchmark where state-of-the-art agents achieve 27.92% success (17.82% on long-horizo...

  4. MAS-Bench: A Unified Benchmark for Shortcut-Augmented Hybrid Mobile GUI Agents

    cs.AI 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0

    MAS-Bench introduces 139 tasks, 88 predefined shortcuts, and 9 metrics to evaluate hybrid GUI-shortcut mobile agents, reporting up to 68.3% success and 39% efficiency gains over GUI-only baselines.

  5. Beyond Syntax: Action Semantics Learning for App Agents

    cs.AI 2025-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Action Semantics Learning trains app agents to align with the semantic effects of actions via a Semantic Estimator module, improving robustness to out-of-distribution scenarios over syntax-matching fine-tuning.

  6. OSWorld 2.0: Benchmarking Computer Use Agents on Long-Horizon Real-World Tasks

    cs.AI 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    OSWorld 2.0 is a benchmark of 108 realistic long-horizon computer-use tasks where current agents achieve only 20.6% binary completion, struggling with state inference and constraint tracking.

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    cs.HC 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

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  8. EchoTrail-GUI: Building Actionable Memory for GUI Agents via Critic-Guided Self-Exploration

    cs.AI 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    EchoTrail-GUI builds an automated memory of successful GUI task trajectories via self-exploration and injects relevant past examples to raise success rates on Android benchmarks.

  9. MobiBench: Multi-Branch, Modular Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents

    cs.AI 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0

    MobiBench reaches near-human offline evaluation fidelity for mobile GUI agents by accepting any valid action at each step, and enables modular attribution of performance to agent components.

  10. AgentProg: Empowering Long-Horizon GUI Agents with Program-Guided Context Management

    cs.AI 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0

    AgentProg reframes interaction history as a program with variables and control flow, plus a belief state for partial observability, achieving SOTA success rates on long-horizon GUI benchmarks while baselines degrade.

  11. InquireMobile: Teaching VLM-based Mobile Agent to Request Human Assistance via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning

    cs.AI 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    InquireMobile applies two-stage reinforcement fine-tuning and pre-action reasoning to VLM mobile agents, raising inquiry success rate by 46.8% on the introduced InquireBench benchmark.