Pith. sign in

REVIEW 16 cited by

Analysis of the confinement string in (2 + 1)-dimensional Quantum Electrodynamics with a trapped-ion quantum computer

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2411.05628 v2 pith:PBVHSQYO submitted 2024-11-08 hep-lat cond-mat.otherquant-ph

Analysis of the confinement string in (2 + 1)-dimensional Quantum Electrodynamics with a trapped-ion quantum computer

classification hep-lat cond-mat.otherquant-ph
keywords quantumconfinementlatticedimensionalelectrodynamicspotentialstringtheory
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
0 comments
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN
read the original abstract

Compact lattice Quantum Electrodynamics is a complex quantum field theory with dynamical gauge and matter fields and it has similarities with Quantum Chromodynamics, in particular asymptotic freedom and confinement. We consider a (2+1)-dimensional lattice discretization of Quantum Electrodynamics with the inclusion of dynamical fermionic matter. We define a suitable quantum algorithm to measure the static potential as a function of the distance between two charges on the lattice and we use a variational quantum calculation to explore the Coulomb, confinement and string breaking regimes. A symmetry-preserving and resource-efficient variational quantum circuit is employed to prepare the ground state of the theory at various values of the coupling constant, corresponding to different physical distances, allowing the accurate extraction of the static potential from a quantum computer. We demonstrate that results from quantum experiments on the Quantinuum H1-1 trapped-ion device and emulator, with full connectivity between qubits, agree with classical noiseless simulations using circuits with 10 and 24 qubits. Moreover, we visualize the electric field flux configurations that mostly contribute in the wave-function of the quantum ground state in the different regimes of the potential, thus giving insights into the mechanisms of confinement and string breaking. These results are a promising step forward in the grand challenge of solving higher dimensional lattice gauge theory problems with quantum computing algorithms.

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Forward citations

Cited by 16 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Unified resonant-manifold framework for dynamical quantum phase transitions

    quant-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    A resonant-manifold framework unifies manifold and branch DQPTs by attributing them to resonances within the initial manifold and with a transitional manifold connected by low-order processes, shown in Z2 LGT quenches.

  2. Observation of glueball excitations and string breaking in a $2+1$D $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory on a trapped-ion quantum computer

    hep-lat 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    A trapped-ion quantum computer simulates 2+1D Z2 lattice gauge theory dynamics, revealing glueball excitations and multi-order string breaking.

  3. Observation of genuine $2+1$D string dynamics in a U$(1)$ lattice gauge theory with a tunable plaquette term on a trapped-ion quantum computer

    quant-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Quantum simulation on trapped ions shows that a plaquette term in a 2+1D U(1) gauge theory enables string propagation in the plane and extended matter creation, realizing genuine two-dimensional dynamics.

  4. Disorder-Free Localization and Fragmentation in a Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory

    cond-mat.quant-gas 2025-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    A (1+1)D SU(2) lattice gauge theory with dynamical matter exhibits ergodic, fragmented, and disorder-free many-body localized phases under non-Abelian gauge constraints, with the localized regime preserving spatial in...

  5. Quantum Resources in Disorder-Free Localization Dynamics of Gauge Theories

    quant-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    In U(1) and SU(2) lattice gauge theories in the disorder-free localization regime, stabilizer and participation entropies grow as log log t at strong coupling, bounded by an exact counting of resonant configurations.

  6. Neural quantum states for non-Abelian lattice gauge theories with dynamical fermions

    hep-lat 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    A sign-problem-free variational Monte Carlo framework computes ground states of continuous SU(2) lattice gauge theory with dynamical fermions, matching strong-coupling perturbation theory and sketching the (g², λ) pha...

  7. Quantum Phase Diagram of the $2+1$D Untruncated SU$(2)$ Lattice Gauge Theory with Dynamical Fermions

    hep-lat 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    An untruncated variational Monte Carlo study finds a magnetic-flux transition at λ*≈−0.040 and a weak-to-strong coupling delocalization crossover in 2+1D SU(2) lattice gauge theory with staggered fermions.

  8. Nonlocal Nonstabilizerness from Holographic Schwinger Pair Production

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Holographic Schwinger pair creation generates nonlocal magic for spacetime dimensions d>2, as shown by a non-flat entanglement spectrum that can be read from the probe brane free energy.

  9. Large Nc Truncations for SU(Nc) Lattice Yang-Mills Theory with Fermions

    hep-lat 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A multi-part truncation for lattice QCD with fermions enables explicit Hamiltonians in 1+1D and 2+1D and string-breaking simulations by capping basis states, electric energy, fermions per site, and using large-Nc matr...

  10. The Quantum Complexity of String Breaking in the Schwinger Model

    hep-ph 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Quantum complexity measures applied to the Schwinger model reveal nonlocal correlations along the string and show that entanglement and magic give complementary views of string formation and breaking.

  11. A Framework for Quantum Simulations of Energy-Loss and Hadronization in Non-Abelian Gauge Theories: SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory in 1+1D

    quant-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0

    A quantum simulation framework is developed and demonstrated for energy loss and hadronization of a heavy quark in 1+1D SU(2) lattice gauge theory on 18 qubits of IBM hardware, with results matching classical simulations.

  12. Perturbation theory, irrep truncations, and state preparation methods for quantum simulations of SU(3) lattice gauge theory

    hep-lat 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0

    A site-singlet energy truncation plus strong-coupling-perturbation-inspired circuits prepares SU(3) lattice gauge theory ground states with percent-level fidelity at g≈1 on small lattices, with reduced resource costs.

  13. (2+1)D quantum electrodynamics at finite density on a quantum computer

    hep-lat 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0

    A VQE circuit that enforces Gauss's law identifies particle-number phase transitions in two-flavor (2+1)D QED on a 2x2 lattice, with inference runs on IBM hardware.

  14. Unified resonant-manifold framework for dynamical quantum phase transitions

    quant-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A resonant-manifold framework unifies manifold and branch DQPTs by linking them to resonances within the initial manifold or a transitional manifold, with regularity tied to manifold multiplicity, shown in Z2 LGT quenches.

  15. Nonlocal Nonstabilizerness from Holographic Schwinger Pair Production

    hep-th 2026-05 conditional novelty 5.0

    In holographic Schwinger pair production, the excess capacity of entanglement is √λ(d−2)/(d−1)³ — positive for d>2, zero for d=2 — so the produced pair carries nonlocal magic for d>2.

  16. Studying Effective String Theory using deep generative models

    hep-lat 2025-08 conditional novelty 4.0

    Flow-based samplers numerically confirm the next-to-leading-order width and the resummed string-tension conjecture for the Nambu-Goto effective string in 2+1 dimensions.