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Constraining parity and Lorentz violations in gravity with future ground- and space-based gravitational wave detectors

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arxiv 2502.04776 v2 pith:HENWUP6W submitted 2025-02-07 gr-qc hep-th

classification gr-qchep-th
keywords detectorsbetaspace-basedfutureparitythoseconstrainingground-based
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abstract

The future ground- and space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors offer unprecedented opportunities to test general relativity (GR) with greater precision. In this work, we investigate the capability of future ground-based GW detectors, the Einstein Telescope (ET) and the Cosmic Explorer (CE), and space-based GW detectors, LISA, Taiji, and TianQin, for constraining parity and Lorentz violations in gravity. We inject several typical GW signals from compact binary systems into GW detectors and perform Bayesian inferences with the modified waveforms with parity and Lorentz-violating effects. These effects are modeled in the amplitude and phase corrections to the GW waveforms with their frequency-dependence described by factors $\beta_{\nu}$, $\beta_{\mu}$, $\beta_{\bar \nu}$, and $\beta_{\bar \mu}$. Our results show that the combined observations of ET and CE will impose significantly tighter bounds on the energy scale of parity and Lorentz violations ($M_{\rm PV}$ and $M_{\rm LV}$) compared to those given by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) detectors. For cases with positive values of $\beta_{\nu}$, $\beta_{\mu}$, $\beta_{\bar \nu}$, and $\beta_{\bar \mu}$, the constraints on $M_{\rm PV}$ and $M_{\rm LV}$ from ground-based detectors are tighter than those from the space-based detectors. For the $\beta_{\mu} = -1$ case, space-based GW detectors provide constraints on $M_{\rm PV}$ that are better than current LVK observations and comparable to those from ET and CE. Additionally, space-based detectors exhibit superior sensitivity in constraining $M_{\rm LV}$ for $\beta_{\bar \mu} = -2$ case, which is approximately three orders of magnitude tighter than those from ground-based GW detectors. This scenario also enables bounds on the graviton mass at $m_g \lesssim 10^{-35}\; {\rm GeV}$. These findings highlight the promising role of future GW observatories in probing fundamental physics beyond GR.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Parity-violating spatially covariant gravity at total derivative order $d=5$

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    At total derivative order five, parity-violating spatially covariant gravity has exactly 59 independent monomials, and their tensor-perturbation response is controlled by four coefficient combinations producing helici...

  2. Circularly polarized gravitational waves from parity-violating scalar-tensor theory

    gr-qc 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In the "Qi-Xiu" parity-violating scalar-tensor theory, the L3 and L4 interactions leave linear gravitational-wave propagation GR-like but still generate circularly polarized scalar-induced gravitational waves.

  3. Parity violating spectral dynamics of black holes in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity

    gr-qc 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In dynamical Chern-Simons gravity, an environmental potential bump reshapes black hole quasinormal-mode spectra, producing branch reconnections, a delayed overtaking instability, and scalar-mode-dominated ringdown tha...

  4. Lorentz Violation with Gravitational Waves: Constraints from NANOGrav and IPTA Data

    astro-ph.CO 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Using NANOGrav 15-year and IPTA second data release, this paper sets a 68% confidence lower bound of 10^-19 GeV on the Lorentz-violating scale M_LV in a modified gravity model.

  5. Beyond general relativity: gravitational waves in non-minimally coupled theories

    gr-qc 2025-10 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A generalized propagation parameterization for gravitational-wave strains is extended to O(H²) and O(H′), then mapped to Kalb-Ramond, axion-dilaton–Chern-Simons–Gauss-Bonnet, and U(1) dark-photon models.

  6. Constraints on parity and Lorentz violations from gravitational waves: a comparison between single-parameter and multi-parameter analysis

    gr-qc 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Multi-parameter and single-parameter gravitational-wave analyses yield comparable parity and Lorentz violation constraints for three models, but degeneracies weaken the multi-parameter result when two parameters modif...

  7. Constraining Lorentz and parity violations in gravity with multiband gravitational wave observations

    gr-qc 2026-01 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Future multiband GW networks could tighten Lorentz- and parity-violation energy-scale bounds by up to several orders of magnitude, with massive binaries best for low-frequency and loud binaries for high-frequency effects.

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