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Waveguide Division Multiple Access for Pinching-Antenna Systems (PASS)
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A novel concept of waveguide division multiple access (WDMA) is proposed for multi-user pinching-antenna systems (PASS). The key principle of WDMA is to allocate each user with a dedicated waveguide, which is regarded as a new type of radio resources, so as to facilitate multi-user communications. By adjusting the activation positions of pinching antennas (PAs) over each waveguide, the pinching beamforming can be exploited for intended user signal enhancement and inter-user interference mitigation. Considering both ideal continuous and practical discrete PA position activation schemes, a joint power allocation and pinching beamforming optimization problem is formulated for the maximization of the sum rate. An alternating optimization-based algorithm is developed to address the formulated nonconvex problem. For solving the power allocation subproblem, the successive convex approximation method is invoked. For the pinching beamforming design subproblem, a penalty-based gradient ascent algorithm is first developed for the continuous PA activation case. Then, for the discrete PA activation case, a matching theory-based algorithm is proposed to achieve the near-optimal performance but with a low complexity. Numerical results unveil that: 1) For both continuous and discrete activation cases, PASS can achieve a significant performance gain over conventional fixed-position antenna systems; 2) the proposed WDMA can effectively underpin multi-user communications with the near orthogonality in free space achieved by the pinching beamforming; and 3) the performance gap between the discrete and continuous activation cases can be significantly alleviated with practically feasible numbers of PA candidate positions.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Multigroup Multicast Design for Pinching-Antenna Systems: Waveguide-Division or Waveguide-Multiplexing?
Pinching-antenna systems can beat conventional and massive MIMO for multigroup multicast by repositioning antennas along waveguides, with waveguide-multiplexing best for dense users and waveguide-division best for sep...
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Center-Fed Pinching Antenna System (C-PASS): Modeling, Analysis, and Beamforming Design
A single-waveguide pinching-antenna system with multiple center-fed input ports achieves degree-of-freedom min(M,K) and power gain O(P_T M), breaking the rank-one bottleneck of conventional end-fed designs.
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Exploiting Pinching-Antenna Systems in Multicast Communications
Optimizing pinching-antenna positions along dielectric waveguides improves multicast rates, with closed-form results for a single antenna and iterative algorithms for multiple antennas or waveguides.
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Analytical Optimization for Antenna Placement in Pinching-Antenna Systems
For fairness-based OMA, the optimal pinching-antenna location is the mean of users' x-coordinates and does not depend on their distance from the waveguide; for NOMA it moves exponentially toward the user nearest the w...
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Sum Rate Maximization for Pinching Antennas Assisted RSMA System With Multiple Waveguides
The proposed correlation-distance PA activation plus SDP-SCA beamforming outperforms four baselines in simulated overloaded RSMA downlinks with multiple waveguides.
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Resource Allocation for Pinching-Antenna Systems: State-of-the-Art, Key Techniques and Open Issues
A comprehensive survey of resource allocation for pinching-antenna systems, with numerical case studies illustrating gains over fixed-antenna baselines.
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