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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 29 of 29 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2504.13644.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.13644 v1

Coverage vector

measured 29 of 29 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.073693Z

measured 30 of 30 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-11T01:02:34.197356Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-11T04:50:56.949503Z

Reference resolution

29 of 29 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy3
  • unresolved26
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 5062c667-55f6-40cb-8ba7-86416b53cec2 · outbound

This paper cites Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.543743Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.543743Z digest=sha256:ff45ad2a971b09c2ed02000f42c05c53a6e19eeff96e57a2aead7e605edd5750

Observation 4e2f1f94-1500-4edc-b344-bb6cea16bc87 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.506059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.600493Z digest=sha256:1362a50df660fb40d8c300c3ffe8fbb04e90748e2378622ad26ae75126c09a47

Observation a52003bb-b3f9-4209-8e70-fdd7986a0d36 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.487560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.638474Z digest=sha256:2f9299a1ca5a314319effd9c8bedb088a2eea31f8d7d055695be65324da5b3ee

Observation a01e0a7d-034a-4436-bddf-11ff62d92dd5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.345850Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.643801Z digest=sha256:a2e95ab6d66b6220c004ede2cde92c993abc8aee81a5e65b3a4d9eb63d47c698

Observation ca919468-6059-4793-bef8-c60796fd0687 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Confidence Estimation and Calibration in Large Language Models.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs A Survey of Confidence Estimation and Calibration in Large Language Models

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.648262Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.648262Z digest=sha256:566ac9460c47a966da9a301c532ee14369175fbf587cedf7b251c366d196e9db

Observation 27ce2e2d-2ffa-493e-8e87-423a98958895 · outbound

This paper cites Decomposing Uncertainty for Large Language Models through Input Clarification Ensembling.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Decomposing Uncertainty for Large Language Models through Input Clarification Ensembling

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.732075Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.732075Z digest=sha256:135d59325b18c830fd7c2dd9813cc7fdda921076a203f202392355eaf2ef6fb9

Observation 04f2e6de-5bb6-4b27-b72c-a36c739d502e · outbound

This paper cites Mixtral of Experts.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Mixtral of Experts

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.790151Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.790151Z digest=sha256:7880a272ec5cb3f55d2bdd4977dda67ef8b222ee25e4982f4fca8518c6be65f2

Observation 7e3b1b49-de61-496a-b851-588398049b96 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.054197Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.807298Z digest=sha256:adaba737bf6413032ac4b5dd631fa82347c1dd0f20f919f5d340a0e9c879e0a1

Observation d2fbaf20-ec65-4cb3-b12b-59153d23f2eb · outbound

This paper cites Holistic Evaluation of Language Models.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Holistic Evaluation of Language Models

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.813142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.813142Z digest=sha256:348bd0936ee1d55449d81cd1866778b8d947ab5c2200315fba2397ebea44edb0

Observation cd334a9c-1989-4a4b-9513-3f46bf0781bf · outbound

This paper cites Generating with Confidence: Uncertainty Quantification for Black-box Large Language Models.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Generating with Confidence: Uncertainty Quantification for Black-box Large Language Models

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.819127Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.819127Z digest=sha256:04dc144c9ce7c756d8bc34db7eed965d72852eee3b4932a6956e1172730e2469

Observation f2a20326-1365-43a0-8a85-8879b4eaa991 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.965032Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.825568Z digest=sha256:67337dd107fb21e98b5fc5c1a7d784745ec4c38ad180e5cd547970840da4f69c

Observation 2268e5dd-2a12-4401-b25c-d1425b8b31e9 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.888675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.888675Z digest=sha256:948f7f16e388ac9e0c8df36ccbb44e69cb8a26713bf75bdb28315251ef8140a1

Observation ce7d35d3-53c7-477b-adcf-9fb91902cf8d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.933914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.944959Z digest=sha256:11ae2345ec8eaf7fe0c32a09d48f26884bd1d719c700b18a0bd6b88114273dcb

Observation 3c460b8c-1dce-4ff5-8974-cf5b70ecc531 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.858034Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.952111Z digest=sha256:e73d8e2564cd821e896cc765c3d8bad0ac3978da60f127778623568d0cea4f86

Observation 508108da-abaf-42d4-8b0c-78b701a86402 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.959342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.959342Z digest=sha256:11f2d923fe501aa3c12f07ec98e2ea8cf823423071e1939d753c11d3a9a264af

Observation bb1c8036-e2fb-453e-9dea-a2e4e2b5f1d0 · outbound

This paper cites Just Ask for Calibration: Strategies for Eliciting Calibrated Confidence Scores from Language Models Fine-Tuned with Human Feedback.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Just Ask for Calibration: Strategies for Eliciting Calibrated Confidence Scores from Language Models Fine-Tuned with Human Feedback

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.966348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.966348Z digest=sha256:d40b4419694765041c44938c1fe7f5cbedd9b85cc6bf916f7e787e7233cf4b0e

Observation 57228b10-1a5a-4a1d-85b4-f86fc178ad6a · outbound

This paper cites RCAgent: Cloud Root Cause Analysis by Autonomous Agents with Tool-Augmented Large Language Models.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs RCAgent: Cloud Root Cause Analysis by Autonomous Agents with Tool-Augmented Large Language Models

Reference 25

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.029453Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:25.029453Z digest=sha256:108184903e314e630291faae37f563f394f07528f2a5d59edfcf47f96798c4cb

Observation 07be7ce0-5285-4046-bb36-5fe4fd54c65a · outbound

This paper cites H.; Le, Q.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs H.; Le, Q

Reference 26

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.765557Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:25.052460Z digest=sha256:63b186669bfb02d16ed51080edeb1c97d9cc3d24c57981dd4d6b6e8f56ecfa80

Observation 0858f640-b8a1-4e3c-b54c-ea9d5b74e13a · outbound

This paper cites From Word Models to World Models: Translating from Natural Language to the Probabilistic Language of Thought.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs From Word Models to World Models: Translating from Natural Language to the Probabilistic Language of Thought

Reference 27

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.058738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:25.058738Z digest=sha256:8537ff9510b009f9d4ebfabeedf51bb096af38ef3f9131c8be23258621448785

Observation a85c5512-df0b-416d-9aac-05ef408e1983 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.661009Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:25.066828Z digest=sha256:5effbc52e2bd54e5131855d523d4e27f25af1fb5f39f5e650470cfb6d132ccab

Observation 1df2a430-eee6-49ec-84c8-a291eef0ad00 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:25.551943Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

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Observation 5f48780c-46ac-4308-ad7b-909d7e9e8387 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 1963

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.072108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

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Observation f445760d-b599-4f5e-b675-d01699ab994a · outbound

This paper cites M., and Ross, T.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs M., and Ross, T

Reference 2011

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.622642Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.482574Z digest=sha256:a5250f6f712b9659bbe42ef8a9e25e4aac83d92c916c05a6a940e981ef20e4af

Observation 6872e8a1-64df-45c8-a834-033abd199d3c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 2019

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.712017Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.471433Z digest=sha256:07ddf87d5ed218402bcde8d1417a7ee01c236163f4efe5c7e2c2f152ede6efe4

Observation 3828af90-7bf0-44d9-a63e-e4d61dab168a · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 2020

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.489106Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.489106Z digest=sha256:df472cea1d0c3ab51059ce96172600380cab13cc6e683ec60604fbe6196b7925

Observation dc1a0515-fffa-4360-ac6e-f355e4c6208a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 2021

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.224611Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.681527Z digest=sha256:a6c1e6a50fb68406da7460f9849de464ef5c3fbd8c0880198b76e8d2b5d782bc

Observation fbae0db2-82cb-4e30-bc01-55bcf896b4dc · outbound

This paper cites S.; Reid, M.; Matsuo, Y .; and Iwa- sawa, Y.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs S.; Reid, M.; Matsuo, Y .; and Iwa- sawa, Y

Reference 2022

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.138547Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.795473Z digest=sha256:f64671dd2301eb4a3c90926e72a9d2f04fcb1fbcdca04905bf0a1768837a1d29

Observation 0e5854d4-55ed-4c32-9884-bf33ab309903 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs Unresolved cited work

Reference 2023

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:26.640798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.477743Z digest=sha256:6623bd576043c853e4af4999bb5aca8baabe35420d4a078f68ddea2c4fba02c8

Observation 09d7a398-6b19-4dfa-ba7f-9db9d4db069b · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 2024

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:08:24.632308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T12:08:24.632308Z digest=sha256:f2ec0f9496b9933efd996d09a61b2208caec128c33d1d25a07a951d5c283fff1

Pith citing papers

Observation f0fe3703-21de-4509-a7f8-d11925275a4d · inbound

Can LLMs Take Retrieved Information with a Grain of Salt? cites this paper.

Can LLMs Take Retrieved Information with a Grain of Salt? Exploring the Potential for Large Language Models to Demonstrate Rational Probabilistic Beliefs

Reference 5

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T04:50:56.955018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-11T01:02:34.197356Z digest=sha256:3568c1e5b2efd84a3a47d9c9671573f74a004d835509576962a8bb24934cfad0