Pith. sign in

REVIEW 4 major objections 6 minor 49 references

A Perturbatively Stable Non-Supersymmetric String Model with AdS Vacuum

T0 review · 4 major / 6 minor · reviewed 2026-08-16 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read This paper constructs a four-dimensional type II string vacuum with supersymmetry broken by a freely acting Scherk-Schwarz deformation that is tachyon-free at tree level and whose one-loop potential stabilizes all identified massless…

desk verdict A real, explicit one-loop computation showing positive masses for all tree-level massless scalars in a non-supersymmetric type II model, but the AdS vacuum headline is conditional on dilaton stabilization the paper does not construct. read the letter →

arxiv 2504.19364 v2 pith:3KMLDVK6 submitted 2025-04-27 hep-th hep-ph

Ignatios Antoniadis , Alonzo R. Diaz Avalos , Alon E. Faraggi This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-thhep-ph PACS 11.25.-w11.25.Mj11.30.Pb
keywords non-supersymmetricstringtheorytypeIIScherk-Schwarzsupersymmetrybreakingfree-fermionicformulationmodulistabilizationone-loopeffectivepotentialAdSvacuummisaligned
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

Four-dimensional string theory usually becomes unstable once supersymmetry is broken: unprotected scalars can turn tachyonic at one loop and moduli can run away. This paper constructs a counterexample. Starting from a $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ orbifold in the free-fermionic formulation, the authors break supersymmetry by a freely acting Scherk-Schwarz $\mathbb{Z}_2$ deformation whose lattice shifts keep the tree-level spectrum tachyon-free for all radii and moduli. The one-loop potential has a global minimum at the self-dual (free-fermionic) point with negative vacuum energy, and the massless scalars the paper identifies — the six geometric moduli, the single and double charged scalars, and the twisted-sector scalars — receive positive one-loop masses there. If correct, this is a demonstration that non-supersymmetric string vacua can be perturbatively stable, with the caveat that the dilaton must still be stabilized before the vacuum can be declared a genuine AdS vacuum.

What carries the argument

The load-bearing mechanism is the modular-invariant one-loop partition function of a $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ type II orbifold in the free-fermionic formulation, with the $T^2$ moduli reinserted by Poisson resummation and the Scherk-Schwarz deformation implemented as phase factors that shift lattice momenta. The central object is the moduli-dependent potential $V(T^{(i)},U^{(i)})$; its defining feature is a global minimum at the self-dual point $T^{(i)}=U^{(i)}=1+i$, where the Hessian is positive definite, while the unbounded directions have a maximum protected by the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound. The scalar masses are computed from one-loop two-point functions of the massless vertex operators, with the infrared-divergent double-charged and twisted scalar contributions regularized by a subtraction that leads to masses given by the Lambert $W$ function. Misaligned supersymmetry — the alternating sign of the boson-minus-fermion level difference — is the spectral property accompanying the tachyon-free tree-level spectrum.

What would settle it

Treat the dilaton as a dynamical field and evaluate the one-loop potential in the Einstein frame: if the resulting dilaton potential is a runaway that never stabilizes, or if a flux/orientifold completion of the construction pushes any tree-level massless scalar's squared mass negative at the self-dual point, the claimed stable AdS vacuum is ruled out.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

On its own terms, the central discovery is that a carefully chosen Scherk-Schwarz phase deformation — a freely acting $\mathbb{Z}_2$ action with momentum shifts on each $T^2$ — can break all supersymmetry without introducing tachyons anywhere in the $(T^2)^3$ moduli space, and that the same one-loop corrections that create a negative cosmological constant also give positive squared masses to the tree-level massless scalars in the model. The minimum of the one-loop potential sits at the self-dual free-fermionic point $T^{(i)} = U^{(i)} = 1+i$ for each torus, which is a fixed point of a $\Gamma_1(2)$ T-duality subgroup. The paper reports explicit one-loop masses and vacuum energy, for example $m^2_{T^{(1)}} = m^2_{T^{(3)}} = 0.031316...\, M_s^2 g_s^2$, $m^2_{T^{(2)}} = 0.055884...\, M_s^2 g_s^2$, and $\Lambda = -0.0078897...\, M_s^4$, and it shows that the only tachyonic directions are maxima whose curvature lies within the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound. The authors state plainly that an extra dilaton-stabilization mechanism is needed before the vacuum can be regarded as a genuine AdS vacuum.

Load-bearing premise

The one-loop calculation holds the dilaton fixed; if the dilaton is allowed to move, the negative vacuum energy turns into a runaway potential, so the stable AdS vacuum depends on an extra dilaton-stabilization mechanism that is not constructed and could change the scalar masses.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • The construction provides a proof of concept that non-supersymmetric string vacua can avoid the generic one-loop tachyonic instability, so broken supersymmetry does not automatically doom a vacuum at leading order.
  • The six toroidal moduli $T^{(i)},U^{(i)}$ are stabilized at the self-dual point by the one-loop potential, so the vacuum energy selects a definite point in the moduli space rather than a flat direction.
  • The negative one-loop cosmological constant makes the model an AdS vacuum in the string frame; in the Einstein frame the dilaton runs, so a complete stable vacuum requires an additional stabilization mechanism, as the paper itself states.
  • The double-charged and twisted scalar sectors contain infrared logarithms whose resummation via the Lambert $W$ function still yields positive masses, extending stability beyond the sectors with convergent integrals.
  • The model exhibits misaligned supersymmetry, the alternating-sign boson-fermion level pattern that accompanies the tachyon-free spectrum in the $q$-expansion.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Beyond the paper: if the same freely acting Scherk-Schwarz mechanism removes tachyons generically, perturbatively stable non-supersymmetric vacua may exist in a much larger family of $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ orbifolds than the one constructed here.
  • Beyond the paper: the one-loop selection of the self-dual point suggests that T-duality fixed points can act as dynamical attractors for moduli in non-supersymmetric strings, a mechanism worth testing in other compactifications.
  • Beyond the paper: a natural stress test is a two-loop computation, since without supersymmetry there is no non-renormalisation theorem protecting the one-loop result; stability at higher orders remains open.
  • Beyond the paper: completing the sketched flux/orientifold dilaton stabilization could turn this into an explicit AdS vacuum, and then the Breitenlohner-Freedman-protected maximum would provide a locally stable AdS saddle.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Signed reviews

No signed human review yet.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

4 major / 6 minor

Summary. The paper constructs a four-dimensional type II closed string model by applying a freely acting Scherk-Schwarz Z2 deformation to an N=2 supersymmetric Z2 x Z2 orbifold, and claims that the resulting non-supersymmetric model is tree-level tachyon-free for all moduli, exhibits misaligned supersymmetry, and has a one-loop scalar potential with a negative-energy minimum at the self-dual free-fermionic point. The authors further compute one-loop corrections to all tree-level massless bosonic fields and state that all of them acquire positive masses, concluding that the model is perturbatively stable with an AdS vacuum. The manuscript contains detailed partition function definitions, GSO phase data, numerical evaluations of the potential and its Hessian, and one-loop two-point function computations for moduli, charged scalars, and twisted scalars.

Significance. The technical content is substantial and mostly explicit: the model is defined without free parameters, the tree-level tachyon analysis is concrete, and the one-loop mass computations are carried out in detail with numerical results. If the fixed-dilaton computations are correct, the paper provides a useful proof of concept that non-supersymmetric string models can have positive one-loop masses for many moduli and charged scalars at a local minimum. However, the advertised central result, namely a perturbatively stable AdS vacuum, is not established because the dilaton is not stabilized; the negative string-frame vacuum energy becomes an Einstein-frame dilaton runaway. The paper should therefore be judged on its more modest fixed-dilaton claims rather than on the title and abstract.

major comments (4)
  1. [Abstract, Section 4] The central claim that the model is a perturbatively stable AdS vacuum is not established because the dilaton is not stabilized. The potential V(T^(i), U^(i)) in Eq. (2.26) is computed in the string frame with the dilaton held fixed; the negative vacuum energy at the self-dual point becomes a runaway dilaton potential in the Einstein frame that vanishes at zero string coupling, so the self-dual point is not an extremum of the full potential. Section 4 explicitly states that 'one has to stabilise the dilaton in order to draw a definite conclusion on the vacuum of the theory,' and the proposed flux/orientifold mechanism is not constructed and would modify the mass spectrum. The abstract and title should be reframed to state the result as a fixed-dilaton analysis, or the stabilization mechanism must be constructed and the masses recomputed.
  2. [Section 2.5, Figs. 2-4] The terminology is internally inconsistent: the self-dual point is called a 'global minimum' while simultaneously the text says 'the vacuum is metastable' and the figures show unbounded directions in T^(1)_2 and T^(3)_2. A global minimum cannot coexist with unbounded directions. The subsequent BF-bound check at the maximum, Eq. (3.16), assumes an AdS background, which is not established once the dilaton is included; moreover, the maximum is computed in the string frame and should be reinterpreted in the Einstein frame before applying the Breitenlohner-Freedman criterion.
  3. [Sections 3.4-3.5, Eqs. (3.57)-(3.64)] The positive masses for the double charged and twisted scalars depend on removing an IR-divergent piece by hand and resumming via the Lambert W gap equation. The finite parts quoted in Eqs. (3.41), (3.42), (3.54), and (3.56) are presented as numerical results without a demonstration of regulator independence. Because these masses are part of the claim that all tree-level massless scalars acquire positive masses, the subtraction prescription needs further justification, for example by exhibiting a different regulator or by showing explicitly that the finite part is scheme-independent.
  4. [Section 3.1, Abstract] The abstract states that 'all tree-level massless scalars acquire positive masses,' but the dilaton is not among the scalars that receive a positive one-loop mass. Section 3.1 only identifies an 'apparent' graviton/axio-dilaton/antisymmetric-tensor mass equal to the cosmological constant contribution, which is not a physical stabilizing mass, and no one-loop dilaton potential is computed. The claim should be restricted to the moduli and charged scalars at fixed dilaton, with the dilaton sector explicitly acknowledged as un stabilized.
minor comments (6)
  1. [Eq. (2.2)] The GSO projection matrix is presented in a garbled table format; it should be typeset as a proper matrix so that the entries C(vi,vj) can be read unambiguously.
  2. [Eq. (3.16)] The BF bound is quoted as m^2 >= (3/4) Lambda / M_p^2; please state the spacetime dimension and sign conventions used, and specify that the bound is applied in the Einstein frame after the dilaton is stabilized.
  3. [Section 2.5] The phrase 'global minimum' should be replaced by 'local minimum' or qualified by specifying the restricted domain, since the potential has unbounded directions in other moduli regions.
  4. [References] Reference [44] lists the same arXiv identifier twice; this should be corrected to a single entry.
  5. [Figures 1-4] The figures lack labeled axes and units; adding axes labels with string mass units would improve readability.
  6. [Eq. (3.64)] The solution uses the Lambert function W0; please explicitly state that W0 is the principal branch and discuss the condition for the argument mu^2/alpha to lie in the principal branch region.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No significant circularity: the moduli potential and one-loop masses are computed from the partition function, not fitted or imported.

full rationale

The central derivation is self-contained. The model is defined by a free-fermionic basis and GSO matrix (2.1)-(2.2); the one-loop scalar potential is computed from the modular-invariant partition function via (2.4)-(2.26); the minimum at the self-dual point is established by explicit evaluation of the potential and its Hessian (2.27); and the one-loop mass corrections for moduli, charged scalars, and twisted scalars are obtained from explicit two-point correlator computations in Sections 3.2-3.5, with the IR-divergent pieces regularized in a stated way leading to positive masses through the Lambert function (3.57)-(3.64). No free parameter is fitted to data, and no prediction is identified with an input by construction. Citations to the authors' earlier work, such as the free-fermionic formulation [1-3] and the lattice form of the partition function [7-13], supply standard technology rather than the load-bearing result; the claimed minimum and spectrum are computed, not imported. The admitted dilaton-stabilization gap in Section 4 ('one has to stabilise the dilaton in order to draw a definite conclusion on the vacuum of the theory') limits the reach of the headline claim about an AdS vacuum, but that is an incompleteness or overinterpretation, not circular reasoning. Therefore the circularity score is 0.

Assumptions & free parameters 0 free parameters · 4 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The model introduces no new particles or fields. The 'single charged' and 'double charged' scalars are states of the constructed string vacuum. The central claim rests on standard string-theory assumptions plus two ad hoc prescriptions: the IR subtraction and the use of the BF bound. The lack of free parameters is a strength, but the unaddressed dilaton stabilization is a load-bearing gap.

assumptions (4)
  • domain assumption The free-fermionic formulation of string theory provides a consistent definition of the model at the fermionic point.
    Used throughout Section 2 to define the model and its spectrum; standard in the string phenomenology literature.
  • domain assumption The one-loop effective potential is given by the integral of the partition function over the fundamental domain (Eq. 2.26).
    Standard string theory result; assumes no other corrections dominate and that the string coupling is weak.
  • ad hoc to paper The physical mass is defined by the pole of the two-point function, and IR divergences can be subtracted and resummed via the gap equation (Section 3.4, Eq. 3.63).
    The by-hand subtraction and Lambert W solution is a prescription specific to this computation and not derived from a more fundamental principle.
  • ad hoc to paper The Breitenlohner-Freedman bound applies to the maximum of the potential as a stability criterion (Section 3.2, Eq. 3.16).
    Used despite the background not being a true AdS due to the runaway dilaton potential.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of A Perturbatively Stable Non-Supersymmetric String Model with AdS Vacuum." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/3KMLDVK6

@misc{pith2026250419364,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: A Perturbatively Stable Non-Supersymmetric String Model with AdS Vacuum},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/3KMLDVK6}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2504.19364}
}
read the original abstract

We present a construction of a perturbatively stable non-supersymmetric type II closed string model in four dimensions. It is based on a freely acting Scherk-Schwarz Z2-deformation of a supersymmetric construction which is recovered in appropriate decompactification limits. The model exhibits also the so-called misaligned supersymmetry with alternating signs for the number difference between bosons and fermions at successive mass levels. The tree-level spectrum is tachyon free for any value of the radii and moduli. At one loop level, the scalar potential has a non-supersymmetric minimum at the self-dual (free fermionic) point with negative energy, around which all tree-level massless scalars acquire positive masses. The model is thus non-supersymmetric and perturbatively stable.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2504.19364 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Signed logarithm of the net number of bosons minus fermions at each mass [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. One-loop potential as a function of T (1) 1 , U (1) 1 (left) and T (1) 2 , U (1) 2 (right), with other moduli fixed at FF point. 9 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p010_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. One-loop potential as a function of T (2) 2 , U (2) 2 (left) and T (2) 1 , T (2) 2 (right), with other moduli fixed at FF point. The multiplicity of minima along the real part or any modulus is due to the invariance of the potential under a shift by 2 (see below discussion of T-dualities). In the decompacti￾fication limit of the second torus T (2) 2 → ∞, or of the first and third torus simultaneously T (1) 2 , T(3) … view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (5 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: One-loop potential as a function of T (1) 2 , with other moduli fixed at FF point. The vertex operator for the moduli fields at 0-momentum at the FF point in the −1 picture is vIJ (ϕ) χ I χ¯ J (3.5) Using the supercurrent TF ∼ χ I∂XI with the following OPE ⟨χ I (z) χ J…
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: IR divergent One loop Feynman diagrams for (3.33) [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p019_5.png]
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: IR divergent One loop Feynman diagrams for (3.34) [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p019_6.png]
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: IR divergent One loop Feynman diagrams for (3.54) [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p022_7.png]
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: Plot of the squared mass as a function of [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p024_8.png]

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

49 extracted references · 43 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    Four-Dimensional Superstrings,

    I. Antoniadis, C. P. Bachas and C. Kounnas, “Four-Dimensional Superstrings,” Nucl. Phys. B 289 (1987), 87

    work page 1987

  2. [2]

    Construction of Fermionic String Models in Four-Dimensions,

    H. Kawai, D. C. Lewellen and S. H. H. Tye, “Construction of Fermionic String Models in Four-Dimensions,” Nucl. Phys. B288 (1987), 1

    work page 1987

  3. [3]

    4-D Fermionic Superstrings with Arbitrary Twists,

    I. Antoniadis and C. Bachas, “4-D Fermionic Superstrings with Arbitrary Twists,” Nucl. Phys. B298 (1988), 586-612

    work page 1988

  4. [4]

    Heterotic free fermionic and symmetric toroidal orbifold models

    P. Athanasopoulos, A. E. Faraggi, S. Groot Nibbelink and V. M. Mehta, “Het- erotic free fermionic and symmetric toroidal orbifold models,” JHEP04 (2016), 038 [arXiv:1602.03082 [hep-th]]

    work page Pith review arXiv 2016

  5. [5]

    Stability in Gauged Extended Supergravity,

    P. Breitenlohner and D. Z. Freedman, “Stability in Gauged Extended Supergravity,” Annals Phys. 144 (1982), 249

    1982

  6. [6]

    Classification of the N=2, Z2 X Z2-symmetric type II orbifolds and their type II asymmetric duals

    A. Gregori, C. Kounnas and J. Rizos, “Classification of theN = 2,Z2×Z2 symmetric type II orbifolds and their type II asymmetric duals,” Nucl. Phys. B549(1999), 16-62 [arXiv:hep-th/9901123 [hep-th]]

    work page Pith review arXiv 1999

  7. [7]

    R2 corrections and non perturbative dualities ofN = 4 string ground states,

    A. Gregori, E. Kiritsis, C. Kounnas, N.A. Obers, P.M. Petropoulos, “R2 corrections and non perturbative dualities ofN = 4 string ground states,” Nucl. Phys. B510 (1998) 423

    work page 1998

  8. [8]

    OnR4 threshold corrections in type IIB string theory and (p,q )-string instantons,

    E. Kiritsis, B. Pioline, “OnR4 threshold corrections in type IIB string theory and (p,q )-string instantons,” Nucl. Phys. B508 (1997) 509

    work page 1997

Show all 49 references
  1. [9]

    Super no-scale models in string theory,

    C. Kounnas, H. Partouche, “Super no-scale models in string theory,” Nucl. Phys. B913 (2016) 593

    2016

  2. [10]

    Perturbative and non-perturbative partial supersymmetry breaking: N = 4→N = 2→N = 1,

    E. Kiritsis, C. Kounnas, “Perturbative and non-perturbative partial supersymmetry breaking: N = 4→N = 2→N = 1,” Nucl. Phys. B503 (1997) 117

    1997

  3. [11]

    N = 2→ 0 super no-scale models and moduli quantum stability,

    C. Kounnas, H. Partouche, “N = 2→ 0 super no-scale models and moduli quantum stability,” Nucl. Phys. B919 (2017) 41

    2017

  4. [12]

    D-term uplifts in non- supersymmetric heterotic string models,

    A.R. Diaz Avalos, A. E. Faraggi, V. G. Matyas, B. Percival “D-term uplifts in non- supersymmetric heterotic string models,” Phys. Rev. D108 (2023) 8

    2023

  5. [13]

    Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term in non-supersymmetric heterotic string orbifolds,

    A.R. Diaz Avalos, A. E. Faraggi, V. G. Matyas, B. Percival, “Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term in non-supersymmetric heterotic string orbifolds,” Eur. Phys. J. C83 (2023) 10, 926

    2023

  6. [14]

    On orbifolds with discrete torsion,

    C. Vafa and E. Witten,“On orbifolds with discrete torsion,” J. Geom. Phys.15 (1995) 189 [arXiv:hep-th/9409188 [hep-th]]

    1995 arXiv

  7. [15]

    String theory, misaligned supersymmetry, and the supertrace constraints,

    K. R. Dienes, M. Moshe, R. C. Myers, “String theory, misaligned supersymmetry, and the supertrace constraints,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 4767

    1995

  8. [16]

    Chiral bosonization, determinants and the string partition function,

    E. Verlinde, H. Verlinde, “Chiral bosonization, determinants and the string partition function,” Nucl. Phys. B288 (1987) 357. 36

    1987

  9. [17]

    C = 1 Conformal Field Theories on Riemann Surfaces,

    R. Dijkgraaf, E. Verlinde, H. Verlinde, “C = 1 Conformal Field Theories on Riemann Surfaces,” Commun. Math. Phys. 115 (1988) 649

    1988

  10. [18]

    Conformal Field Theory and its Applications to Strings

    E. Verlinde, “Conformal Field Theory and its Applications to Strings”

  11. [19]

    INTRODUCTION TO CONFORMAL FIELD THEORY AND STRING THEORY

    L. J. Dixon, “INTRODUCTION TO CONFORMAL FIELD THEORY AND STRING THEORY”

  12. [20]

    Covariant one-loop fermion emission amplitudes in closed string theories,

    J. J. Atick, A. Sen, “Covariant one-loop fermion emission amplitudes in closed string theories,” Nucl. Phys. B293 (1987) 317

    1987

  13. [21]

    Covariant higher spin vertex operators in the Ramond sector,

    I. G. Koh, W. Troost, A. Van Proeyen, “Covariant higher spin vertex operators in the Ramond sector,” Nucl. Phys. B292 (1987) 201

    1987

  14. [22]

    The Conformal Field Theory of Orbifolds,

    L. J. Dixon, D. Friedan, E. J. Martinec, S. H. Shenker, “The Conformal Field Theory of Orbifolds,” Nucl. Phys. B282 (1987) 13

    1987

  15. [23]

    Z2 Twisted Fields and Bosonization on Riemann Surfaces,

    D. Bernard, “Z2 Twisted Fields and Bosonization on Riemann Surfaces,” Nucl. Phys. B302 (1988) 251

    1988

  16. [24]

    Multi-loop twist field correlation functions forZN orbifolds,

    J. J. Atick, L. J. Dixon, P. A. Griffin, D. D. Nemeschansky, “Multi-loop twist field correlation functions forZN orbifolds,” Nucl. Phys. B298 (1988) 1

    1988

  17. [25]

    Calculation of the one-loop graviton mass shift in bosonic string theory,

    J. A. Minahan, “Calculation of the one-loop graviton mass shift in bosonic string theory,” Nucl. Phys. B333 (1990) 525

    1990

  18. [26]

    ONE-LOOP STRING CORRECTIONS TO GAUGE CHARGE,

    L. V. Rozhansky, “ONE-LOOP STRING CORRECTIONS TO GAUGE CHARGE,” Int. Journal of Modern Physics A Vol. 05, No. 03 (1990) 571

    1990

  19. [27]

    Correlation functions of spin operators on a torus,

    J. J. Atick, A. Sen, “Correlation functions of spin operators on a torus,” Nucl. Phys. B286 (1987) 189

    1987

  20. [28]

    Flux vacua in type IIB compactifications on orbifolds: their finiteness and minimal string coupling,

    I. Antoniadis, A. Guillen and O. Lacombe, “Flux vacua in type IIB compactifications on orbifolds: their finiteness and minimal string coupling,” JHEP 09 (2024), 016 [arXiv:2404.18995 [hep-th]]

    2024 arXiv

  21. [29]

    Chiral Heterotic Strings with Positive Cosmological Con- stant,

    I. Florakis and J. Rizos, “Chiral Heterotic Strings with Positive Cosmological Con- stant,” Nucl. Phys. B913 (2016), 495-533 [arXiv:1608.04582 [hep-th]]

    2016 arXiv

  22. [30]

    String Theories in Ten-Dimensions Without Space-Time Supersymmetry,

    L.J. Dixon, J.A. Harvey, “String Theories in Ten-Dimensions Without Space-Time Supersymmetry,” Nucl. Phys. B274 (1986) 93

    1986

  23. [31]

    AnO(16)×O(16) Heterotic String,

    L. Alvarez–Gaume, P.H. Ginsparg, G.W. Moore and C. Vafa, “AnO(16)×O(16) Heterotic String,” Phys. Lett. B171 (1986) 155

    1986

  24. [32]

    Classification of Closed Fermionic String Models,

    H. Kawai, D.C. Lewellen and S.H.H. Tye, “Classification of Closed Fermionic String Models,” Phys. Rev. D34 (1986) 3794

    1986

  25. [33]

    Toroidal Compactification of Nonsupersymmetric Het- erotic Strings,

    P.H. Ginsparg and C. Vafa, “Toroidal Compactification of Nonsupersymmetric Het- erotic Strings,” Nucl. Phys. B289 (1986) 414

    1986

  26. [34]

    Supersymmetry Restoration in the Compactified O(16)×O(16)′ Heterotic String Theory,

    H. Itoyama and T.R. Taylor, “Supersymmetry Restoration in the Compactified O(16)×O(16)′ Heterotic String Theory,”Phys. Lett. B186 (1987) 129. 37

    1987

  27. [35]

    Non- supersymmetric heterotic model building,

    M. Blaszczyk, S. Groot Nibbelink, O. Loukas and S. Ramos-Sanchez, “Non- supersymmetric heterotic model building,”JHEP 10 (2014) 119

    2014

  28. [36]

    Towards a nonsupersymmetric string phe- nomenology,

    S. Abel, K.R. Dienes and E. Mavroudi, “Towards a nonsupersymmetric string phe- nomenology,” Phys. Rev. D91 (2015) 126014

    2015

  29. [37]

    Non-Tachyonic Semi-Realistic Non-Supersymmetric Heterotic String Vacua,

    J.M. Ashfaque, P. Athanasopoulos, A.E. Faraggi and H.Sonmez, “Non-Tachyonic Semi-Realistic Non-Supersymmetric Heterotic String Vacua,”Eur. Phys. Jour. C76 (2016) 208

    2016

  30. [38]

    String Phenomenology From a Worldsheet Perspective,

    A.E. Faraggi, “String Phenomenology From a Worldsheet Perspective,”Eur. Phys. Jour. C79 (2019) 703

    2019

  31. [39]

    Classification of nonsupersymmetric Pati-Salam heterotic string models,

    A.E. Faraggi, V.G. Matyas and B. Percival, “Classification of nonsupersymmetric Pati-Salam heterotic string models,”Phys. Rev. D104 (2021) 046002

    2021

  32. [40]

    Towards classification of N=1 and N=0 flipped SU(5) asymmetricZ2×Z2 heterotic string orbifolds,

    A.E. Faraggi, V.G. Matyas and B. Percival, “Towards classification of N=1 and N=0 flipped SU(5) asymmetricZ2×Z2 heterotic string orbifolds,”Phys. Rev. D106 (2022) 026011

    2022

  33. [41]

    Moduli fixing in realistic string vacua,

    A.E. Faraggi, “Moduli fixing in realistic string vacua,”Nucl. Phys. B728 (2005) 83

    2005

  34. [42]

    An Alternative for Moduli Stabilisation,

    C. Angelantonj, M. Cardella and N. Irges, “An Alternative for Moduli Stabilisation,” Phys. Lett. B641 (2006) 474

    2006

  35. [43]

    Stable Three Generation Standard–like Model From a Tachyonic Ten Dimensional Heterotic–String Vacuum,

    A.E. Faraggi, V.G. Matyas and B. Percival, “Stable Three Generation Standard–like Model From a Tachyonic Ten Dimensional Heterotic–String Vacuum,”Eur. Phys. Jour. C80 (2020) 337

    2020

  36. [44]

    The Quasicrystalline String Landscape,

    Z.K. Baykara, H.C. Tarazi and C. Vafa, “The Quasicrystalline String Landscape,” arXiv:2406.00129; “The Quasicrystalline String Landscape,” arXiv:2406.00129

    arXiv

  37. [45]

    Vac- uum energy in non-supersymmetric quasi-realistic heterotic-string vacua with fixed moduli,

    E. Basaad, L. A. Detraux, A. R. D. Avalos, A. E. Faraggi and B. Percival, “Vac- uum energy in non-supersymmetric quasi-realistic heterotic-string vacua with fixed moduli,” Eur. Phys. Jour. C85 (2025) 209

    2025

  38. [46]

    Non-supersymmetric non- tachyonic heterotic vacua with reduced rank in various dimensions,

    C. Angelantonj, I. Florakis, G. Leone and D. Perugini, “Non-supersymmetric non- tachyonic heterotic vacua with reduced rank in various dimensions,”JHEP 10 (2024) 216

    2024

  39. [47]

    Asymmetric Orbifolds, Rank Reduction and Heterotic Islands,

    G. Aldazabal, E. Andrés, A. Font, K. Narain and I.G. Zadeh, “Asymmetric Orbifolds, Rank Reduction and Heterotic Islands,” arXiv:2501.17228

    arXiv

  40. [48]

    Banks-Zaks stabilisation of non-SUSY strings,

    S. Abel, I. Basile and V.G. Matyas, “Banks-Zaks stabilisation of non-SUSY strings,” JHEP 04 (2025) 107

    2025

  41. [49]

    Stable Vacua for Tachyonic Strings,

    J. Kaidi, “Stable Vacua for Tachyonic Strings,”Phys. Rev. D103 (2021) 106026. 38

    2021

Pith tools

Reviewed August 16, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.