Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.879682Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 47 of 47 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.24341.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:22.879682Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T18:40:25.556805Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T18:40:26.615561Z
47 of 47 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 513683b3-5362-4710-9632-3c2785ab2c48 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 01720dcb-5dce-4ff9-a6b9-e659a6af79b5 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 9cfff987-3635-4588-aafa-66914488654b · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 5bdc2b77-610c-432c-9b57-fc7715d172c1 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation c4e8b7e0-17d7-4110-84e2-a575dff424da · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 90b50bca-a5cd-4802-bdbe-dfa3269ab825 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 7ab573f5-a87e-45b8-b121-69d8dea2ce4a · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 025ac318-9758-46a4-8640-3137e6a136a4 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 84aa17d8-37b9-442f-b73a-a3708bf52468 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings COLD: A Benchmark for Chinese Offensive Language Detection
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 71bffa56-8ca5-490a-8dd5-851f8b9c13b3 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings An Engorgio Prompt Makes Large Language Model Babble on
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4ee5bd70-970b-4557-bfca-9f212bf26583 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 3f557177-c4ab-4e0e-943a-41a36c005756 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 65ad88ab-d065-41ee-9313-c4da4bd5f05f · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings ChatGLM: A Family of Large Language Models from GLM-130B to GLM-4 All Tools
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 987c6b60-517f-4909-b336-1d44cc993ff3 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 9231db48-ab7c-4025-af59-fd200601a530 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Toxicity Detection for Free
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 735c503c-40dd-43cd-80cc-49be2e9487e6 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f14bcbd3-2673-4f38-b466-e001933e58ed · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a368e1ac-3da1-4ef1-94d2-4e2d5a4ecfc8 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d1672e92-cbbc-483a-9aa9-489d9d24299b · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 516d7f28-9bed-44ae-b6ad-7cdb786557b2 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d4f1b57b-d5cf-4433-9c55-6e9de7c10b22 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Facilitating Fine-grained Detection of Chinese Toxic Language: Hierarchical Taxonomy, Resources, and Benchmarks
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f19981b6-7ddc-49af-af5d-ccb9b827bb9b · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings TextAttack: A Framework for Adversarial Attacks, Data Augmentation, and Adversarial Training in NLP
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 28b4627a-9ed7-40c1-ae31-0b71b29c5d44 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Toxicity Detection: Does Context Really Matter?
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 66772d20-4f88-428d-81ff-0104394f8e8e · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 24d827f8-a26c-47f3-aeb8-2c81af629e8e · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 2f2b708f-a5bd-41f2-a782-09e719265495 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 2ceba254-aaa7-4ca1-800b-78ba6d8c607f · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 71bc4591-15fb-4fc9-88a4-3922fd980469 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 235d1e52-6ad7-4bdd-9e47-5d5390396b8d · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Learning Chinese Word Representations From Glyphs Of Characters
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation e1595e21-4570-4652-8c16-89011b93c02f · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 730e4317-d668-4a8f-9c17-8ed16f214329 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings SemAttack: Natural Textual Attacks via Different Semantic Spaces
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 642b4b13-3433-42bb-9172-32a2481aed7d · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 455b1932-8ad6-4f2b-8d63-259212098b37 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 88dc9ffd-367c-48f9-90e6-a3c342676118 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Course-Correction: Safety Alignment Using Synthetic Preferences
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 35e21a38-c2e3-4977-b4b8-bd151d71faf2 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings The Earth is Flat because...: Investigating LLMs' Belief towards Misinformation via Persuasive Conversation
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 23d3c819-e9c9-4188-9b20-b6b5451ac503 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Walking in Others' Shoes: How Perspective-Taking Guides Large Language Models in Reducing Toxicity and Bias
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 73f67bf5-6104-4c5d-a183-b055b2206b92 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Qwen2.5 Technical Report
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 33a97957-ec92-48f0-9d0c-d2e67500a4c6 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 6854a02f-278e-40a5-9495-8c895339664c · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Yi: Open Foundation Models by 01.AI
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4e8a117f-53e4-4a52-b731-e522916af88a · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Converging to a Lingua Franca: Evolution of Linguistic Regions and Semantics Alignment in Multilingual Large Language Models
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3a17278b-df64-4bb1-8a9c-57ab678c0e83 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 934e61a9-95b5-4dc7-84ce-411711712023 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 2ee5b9d9-cc6b-4e05-9fb4-97fd44d6564a · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Understanding the Dark Side of LLMs' Intrinsic Self-Correction
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation acd17da3-238b-48e5-ac21-14e3802d0b61 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation df834f4b-7b44-4467-adb2-de9bbfc5fd0d · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings Cross-Cultural Transfer Learning for Chinese Offensive Language Detection
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation ce74684b-cd05-4720-bc5e-de9930918ce6 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings online" 'onlinestring :=
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7fe7d679-1f32-4d96-a6d7-72087cc0fd78 · outbound
Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings write newline
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e0853f97-e42d-4d13-92ec-e799491dfd08 · inbound
Lost in Pronunciation: Detecting Chinese Offensive Language Disguised by Phonetic Cloaking Replacement Exploring Multimodal Challenges in Toxic Chinese Detection: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Findings
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.