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Gravitational instantons and harmonic maps

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arxiv 2507.15284 v1 pith:HK23XDAS submitted 2025-07-21 math.DG math-phmath.APmath.MP

Gravitational instantons and harmonic maps

classification math.DG math-phmath.APmath.MP
keywords harmonicaxisymmetricmapsansatzgravitationalinstantonsmetricsricci-flat
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We study the interaction between toric Ricci-flat metrics in dimension 4 and axisymmetric harmonic maps from the 3-dimensional Euclidean space into the hyperbolic plane. Applications include (1). The construction of complete Ricci-flat 4-manifolds that are non-spin, simply-connected, and with arbitrary second Betti number. Our method is non-perturbative and is based on ruling out conical singularities arising from axisymmetric harmonic maps. These metrics also give systematic counterexamples to various versions of the Riemannian black hole uniqueness conjecture. (2). A PDE classification result for axisymmetric harmonic maps of degree at most 1, via the Gibbons-Hawking ansatz and the LeBrun-Tod ansatz, in terms of axisymmetric harmonic functions. This is motivated by the study of hyperkahler and conformally Kahler gravitational instantons.

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Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. On the existence of toric ALE and ALF gravitational instantons

    math.DG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 8.0

    Existence and uniqueness of toric ALE and ALF Ricci-flat gravitational instantons for admissible rod structures, with toric self-dual instantons being multi-Eguchi-Hanson or multi-Taub-NUT.

  2. On toric self-dual Einstein gravitational instantons

    math.DG 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Toric self-dual Einstein instantons with negative cosmological constant satisfying a global conformal Kähler extension condition are precisely the Calderbank-Pedersen-Singer multipole solutions.

  3. A Comparison Theorem For the Mass of ALE and ALF Toric 4-Manifolds

    math.DG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    The mass of toric ALE or ALF 4-manifolds with nonnegative scalar curvature is at least the mass of the corresponding toric gravitational instanton plus a term from its conical defects, with equality only when the mani...

  4. A Comparison Theorem For the Mass of ALE and ALF Toric 4-Manifolds

    math.DG 2026-05 conditional novelty 7.0

    The mass of any toric ALE/ALF 4-manifold with nonnegative scalar curvature is at least the mass of its corresponding toric gravitational instanton, corrected by conical angle defects, and equality holds only for the i...

  5. Mass Lower Bounds for Asymptotically Locally Flat Manifolds

    math.DG 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0

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    A new two-parameter AF toric gravitational instanton with Euler number 4 and Hirzebruch signature 0 is obtained as a special case of the Euclidean double Kerr-NUT solution, the third in a sequence after Kerr and Chen-...

  9. Geometry of gravitational instantons

    math.DG 2026-06 unverdicted

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