Pith. sign in

REVIEW 6 cited by

Detection of a Higher Harmonic Quasi-normal Mode in the Ringdown Signal of GW231123

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2509.02047 v1 pith:5FMFDDN4 submitted 2025-09-02 gr-qc astro-ph.HE

Detection of a Higher Harmonic Quasi-normal Mode in the Ringdown Signal of GW231123

classification gr-qc astro-ph.HE
keywords ringdownblackfinalsignalanalysisbayesiandetectionevidence
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
0 comments
read the original abstract

The ringdown phase of a gravitational wave signal from a binary black hole merger offers a unique laboratory for testing general relativity in the strong-field regime and probing the properties of the final remnant black hole. In this study, we analyze the ringdown of GW231123 and find strong evidence for a multimode quasinormal spectrum. Our analysis employs two time-domain methodologies: a full Bayesian inference and an enhanced F-statistic framework, which we extend to enable the calculation of Bayesian evidence and the reconstruction of posterior distributions for all model parameters. We report a statistically significant detection of the $\ell|m|n=200$ mode, with a $\log_{10}$(Bayes factor) of $5.3$, commencing at $12\,M$ after the peak amplitude--a time well within the accepted linear regime. This two-mode analysis yields a redshifted final mass of $305.6^{+35.7}_{-47.3}M _{\odot}$ and a final spin of $0.84^{+0.07}_{-0.14}$ at $90\%$ credibility, from a ringdown signal with a network signal-to-noise ratio of approximately $14.5$. Furthermore, a test of the no-hair theorem performed using the two detected modes reveals no deviation from the predictions of general relativity. These results highlight the power of the F-statistic methodology to uncover nuanced features in gravitational wave signals, thereby providing novel insights into the fundamental properties of black holes.

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Foundations of Direct Waves in Schwarzschild Ringdown

    gr-qc 2026-07 accept novelty 7.0

    Direct waves in filtered Schwarzschild ringdown are the anti-causal filter-pole contribution sourced by near-horizon trajectory dynamics and do not vanish.

  2. A Robust and Efficient F-statistic-based Framework for Consistent Bayesian Inference of Compact Binary Coalescences

    gr-qc 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0

    F-statistic framework analytically maximizes over distance and polarization to enable faster Bayesian inference of compact binary coalescences with a new evidence formulation that matches full frequency-domain results...

  3. How do the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Heavy Black Holes Form? No evidence for core-collapse Intermediate-mass black holes in GWTC-4

    astro-ph.HE 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    No evidence for core-collapse IMBHs in GWTC-4; heavy BHs from hierarchical mergers, with low-spin mass distribution truncating at ~65 solar masses and PIMG upper edge estimated at 150 solar masses.

  4. How do the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Heavy Black Holes Form? No evidence for core-collapse Intermediate-mass black holes in GWTC-4

    astro-ph.HE 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    No evidence for core-collapse formed low-spin IMBHs in GWTC-4, with 90% upper limit on merger rate of 0.077 Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, low-spin BH mass truncation at 65 solar masses consistent with pair-instability gap lower e...

  5. Ringdown Analysis of GW250114 with Orthonormal Modes

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Orthonormal QNM analysis of GW250114 raises the significance of the first overtone of the ℓ=m=2 mode from 82.5% to 99.9% and detects no significant deviation from Kerr predictions.

  6. GW231123: Overlapping Gravitational Wave Signals?

    gr-qc 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0

    GW231123 data favors an overlapping two-signal model over a single merger with Bayes factors of 100-10000, mitigating waveform-dependent discrepancies and suggesting possible gravitational lensing.