Agentic Software Issue Resolution with Large Language Models: A Survey

Software issue resolution aims to address real-world issues in software repositories based on natural language descriptions provided by users, and represents a key aspect of software maintenance. With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs) in reasoning and generation, LLM-based approaches have made significant progress in automated software issue resolution. However, resolving real-world software issues is inherently complex and requires long-horizon reasoning, iterative exploration, and feedback-driven decision-making, which demand agentic capabilities beyond conventional single-step approaches. Recently, LLM-based agentic systems have emerged as a promising research direction for software issue resolution, accompanied by rapid growth in the relevant literature. Advances in agentic software issue resolution can not only greatly improve the efficiency and quality of software maintenance, but also provide a realistic environment for evaluating the reasoning, planning, and execution capabilities of agentic systems, thereby bridging artificial intelligence and software engineering. This work presents a systematic survey of 242 recent studies at the forefront of research on LLM-based agentic software issue resolution. It outlines the general workflow of the task and establishes a taxonomy across three dimensions: benchmarks, techniques, and empirical studies. Furthermore, it highlights reinforcement learning as an increasingly important training paradigm for agentic systems in software engineering. Finally, it summarizes key challenges and outlines promising directions for future research.